在历史上，癌症研究的主要重点是对几个基本通路和基因的分子和临床研究。最近几年，高通量技术的突破催生了大规模癌症组学数据的迅速积累。这种数据快速增长带来了一个新概念——癌症大数据，其分析需要大量计算资源，可能会为基础问题带来新的洞见。事实上，大数据、生物信息学和人工智能的结合，已经在癌症生物学的基础理解和转化方面取得了显着进展。进一步的进展需要数据科学家、临床医生、生物学家和决策者的共同努力。在这里，我们回顾了利用大数据推进癌症研究和治疗的现状和未来挑战。© 2022.这是美国政府的工作，不受美国版权保护的约束；可能适用外国版权保护。

Historically, the primary focus of cancer research has been molecular and clinical studies of a few essential pathways and genes. Recent years have seen the rapid accumulation of large-scale cancer omics data catalysed by breakthroughs in high-throughput technologies. This fast data growth has given rise to an evolving concept of 'big data' in cancer, whose analysis demands large computational resources and can potentially bring novel insights into essential questions. Indeed, the combination of big data, bioinformatics and artificial intelligence has led to notable advances in our basic understanding of cancer biology and to translational advancements. Further advances will require a concerted effort among data scientists, clinicians, biologists and policymakers. Here, we review the current state of the art and future challenges for harnessing big data to advance cancer research and treatment.© 2022. This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the US; foreign copyright protection may apply.