辅助化疗可以提高乳腺癌患者的生存率，但是常常伴随着令人烦恼的短期和长期毒性。毒性相关的因素，特别是化疗后2年内的亚急性毒性因素，尚未完全阐明。NRG Oncology/NSABP B-30临床试验比较了3种不同的多柔比星、环磷酰胺和多西他赛基于3-6个月的化疗方案。激素受体阳性的乳腺癌患者接受后续的辅助内分泌治疗。在基线至24个月期间，2156名患者连续填写了问卷。我们使用多元概率指数模型来确定急性（>0-12个月）和亚急性（>12-24个月）疼痛、认知、血管运动症状和阴道症状的困难与哪些因素相关。对于所有症状领域，化疗前存在症状与亚急性期的症状相关（所有p值都小于0.001）。此外，不同的患者因素和乳腺癌治疗方案的组合与亚急性期疼痛、血管运动和阴道症状增加的可能性相关。考虑到治疗前的症状和患者因素，以及乳腺癌的治疗，可以有助于确定哪些患者在化疗完成后可能会出现症状。当选择另一种疗法相当时，这些信息在治疗决策时可能是重要的。©2022. 作者（们）。

Adjuvant chemotherapy improves breast cancer survival but is associated with bothersome short- and long-term toxicity. Factors associated with toxicity, especially subacute toxicity up to 2 years following chemotherapy, have not been fully elucidated. The NRG Oncology/NSABP B-30 clinical trial compared 3 different doxorubicin-, cyclophosphamide-, and docetaxel-based chemotherapy regimens given over 3-6 months. Patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer received subsequent adjuvant endocrine therapy. From baseline through 24 months, 2156 patients completed questionnaires serially. We used multivariable probabilistic index models to identify factors associated with acute (>0-12 months) and subacute (>12-24 months) difficulties with pain, cognition, vasomotor symptoms, and vaginal symptoms. For all symptom domains, presence of symptoms prior to chemotherapy initiation were associated with symptoms in the subacute period (all p < 0.001). In addition, different combinations of patient factors and breast cancer treatments were associated with increased likelihood of pain, vasomotor, and vaginal symptoms in the subacute period. Consideration of pre-treatment symptoms and patient factors, as well as treatments for breast cancer, can facilitate identification of groups of patients that may experience symptoms following completion of chemotherapy. This information may be important for treatment-decision-making when alternative regimens are equivalent in benefit.© 2022. The Author(s).