CRISPR基因编辑技术是生物医学科学领域的一个重大突破，可提供强大的平台来进行无偏差筛选和功能基因组学研究，并广泛应用于免疫学等领域。汇集式和阵列式CRISPR筛选揭示了先前在固有和适应性免疫细胞中未知的细胞内驱动程序，以及介导细胞间相互作用的细胞间调节因子。最近的单细胞CRISPR筛选平台扩展了转录组读数，并能够推断基因调控网络，以获得更好的机制性见解。CRISPR筛选还允许映射基因相互作用，以识别协同或缓解复杂免疫表型的基因。在这里，我们回顾了CRISPR技术在免疫学方面的进展和新适应，以促进我们对基本免疫知识的认识，并确定针对感染、炎症和癌症免疫治疗的新颖疾病靶点。©2022年。Springer Nature Limited。

CRISPR-based technologies represent a major breakthrough in biomedical science as they offer a powerful platform for unbiased screening and functional genomics in various fields, including immunology. Pooled and arrayed CRISPR screens have uncovered previously unknown intracellular drivers in innate and adaptive immune cells for immune regulation as well as intercellular regulators mediating cell-cell interactions. Recent single-cell CRISPR screening platforms expand the readouts to the transcriptome and enable the inference of gene regulatory networks for better mechanistic insights. CRISPR screens also allow for mapping of genetic interactions to identify genes that synergize or alleviate complex immune phenotypes. Here, we review the progress in and emerging adaptation of CRISPR technologies to advance our fundamental immunological knowledge and identify novel disease targets for immunotherapy of infection, inflammation and cancer.© 2022. Springer Nature Limited.