真核基因组广泛转录为许多类型的RNA，这些RNA可以转化为蛋白质或执行基因调控功能。许多RNA直接或间接地与染色质结合，被称为染色质相关RNA（caRNA）。迄今为止，已发现caRNA通过多种机制参与基因和转录调控，并在不同类型的癌症中扮演重要角色。在本综述中，我们首先介绍了不同类别的caRNA以及caRNA与染色质之间的相互作用模式。然后，我们详细描述了染色质相关新生RNA、染色质相关非编码RNA以及转录和基因调控中新出现的m6A在caRNA上的机制。最后，我们讨论了caRNA在癌症中的作用以及对癌症贡献的表观遗传和表观转录机制，这些机制可以提供有关不同caRNA与癌症之间的关系、肿瘤治疗和干预的见解。©2023. 作者(们)。

Eukaryotic genomes are prevalently transcribed into many types of RNAs that translate into proteins or execute gene regulatory functions. Many RNAs associate with chromatin directly or indirectly and are called chromatin-associated RNAs (caRNAs). To date, caRNAs have been found to be involved in gene and transcriptional regulation through multiple mechanisms and have important roles in different types of cancers. In this review, we first present different categories of caRNAs and the modes of interaction between caRNAs and chromatin. We then detail the mechanisms of chromatin-associated nascent RNAs, chromatin-associated noncoding RNAs and emerging m6A on caRNAs in transcription and gene regulation. Finally, we discuss the roles of caRNAs in cancer as well as epigenetic and epitranscriptomic mechanisms contributing to cancer, which could provide insights into the relationship between different caRNAs and cancer, as well as tumor treatment and intervention.© 2023. The Author(s).