线粒体是细胞内负责能量产生、细胞代谢和细胞信号传递的细胞器。它们在ATP合成、脂代谢和核酸代谢过程中不仅扮演着重要的角色，而且在肿瘤的发展和转移中也不可或缺。在癌细胞中，mtDNA的突变往往能够促进生物能量和生物合成重构，尤其是在线粒体中的各种代谢物，如致癌代谢物的调节能够影响肿瘤的代谢和进展。TCA循环酶的突变会导致某些代谢物和致癌代谢物的异常积累。证明线粒体是癌症治疗的一个重要靶点，因为癌细胞依赖于两种主要的能量资源：氧化磷酸化（OXPHOS）和糖酵解。通过操纵OXPHOS基因或者调整线粒体中的代谢产物，可以抑制肿瘤的生长。例如，增强复合物I活性可以增加NAD+ / NADH，以防止癌症的转移和进展。在本综述中，我们讨论了肿瘤细胞代谢中线粒体的功能，并特别探讨了线粒体在癌症干细胞和肿瘤微环境中的独特作用。针对OXPHOS途径和与线粒体相关的代谢途径，正在成为各种癌症的潜在治疗策略。 ©作者

Mitochondria are intracellular organelles involved in energy production, cell metabolism and cell signaling. They are essential not only in the process of ATP synthesis, lipid metabolism and nucleic acid metabolism, but also in tumor development and metastasis. Mutations in mtDNA are commonly found in cancer cells to promote the rewiring of bioenergetics and biosynthesis, various metabolites especially oncometabolites in mitochondria regulate tumor metabolism and progression. And mutation of enzymes in the TCA cycle leads to the unusual accumulation of certain metabolites and oncometabolites. Mitochondria have been demonstrated as the target for cancer treatment. Cancer cells rely on two main energy resources: oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and glycolysis. By manipulating OXPHOS genes or adjusting the metabolites production in mitochondria, tumor growth can be restrained. For example, enhanced complex I activity increases NAD+/NADH to prevent metastasis and progression of cancers. In this review, we discussed mitochondrial function in cancer cell metabolism and specially explored the unique role of mitochondria in cancer stem cells and the tumor microenvironment. Targeting the OXPHOS pathway and mitochondria-related metabolism emerging as a potential therapeutic strategy for various cancers.© The author(s).