乳腺癌是全世界女性最常被诊断的癌症。研究表明，西方国家的乳腺癌患病率出生队列效应很少，但在某些亚洲国家则有显著的出生队列效应。不同地区的乳腺癌风险也可能存在差异。在本研究中，我们从台湾癌症登记处中提取了1997年至2016年期间女性浸润性乳腺癌数据。我们使用年龄-时期-队列模型比较台湾城市和农村地区妇女乳腺癌发病率出生队列效应差异。我们发现，在台湾妇女中，城乡出生队列效应明显不同。所有队列中，城市地区的发病率都高于农村地区。然而，随着队列的增加，农村地区的发病率上升更快。1992年出生的女性，无论是在城市还是农村地区，其患乳腺癌的风险约为1917年出生的女性的22倍和11倍。随着队列的增加，城乡地区的乳腺癌发病率差距逐渐消失。因此，我们推测台湾的城市化和西方化可能是导致不同出生队列妇女乳腺癌发病率变化的推动力。©2023纽约医学院。

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women worldwide. Studies have reported minimal birth cohort effects on the incidence rates of breast cancer in Western countries but have reported notable birth cohort effects in some Asian countries. The risks of breast cancer may also vary within a country. In the present study, we abstracted female invasive breast cancer data from the Taiwan Cancer Registry for the period 1997-2016. We used the age-period-cohort model to compare birth cohort effects on breast cancer incidence rates between urban and rural regions in Taiwan. We identified a notable urban-rural disparity in birth cohort effects on breast cancer incidence rates in women in Taiwan. The incidence rates in the urban regions were higher than those in the rural regions across all cohorts. However, the incidence rates rose faster in the rural regions than in the urban regions across the cohorts. The risks of breast cancer observed for women born in 1992 were approximately 22 and 11 times than those observed for women born in 1917 in rural and urban regions, respectively. The observed gap in breast cancer incidence rates between the urban and rural regions gradually disappeared across the cohorts. Accordingly, we speculate that urbanization and westernization in Taiwan may be the drivers of female breast cancer incidence rates across birth cohorts.© 2023. The New York Academy of Medicine.