研究探讨孕期母亲健康对后代健康的潜在影响通常依赖于数年后收集的自我报告信息，为了评估此方法的有效性，我们分析了一项针对15岁以下儿童癌症（诊断＜15岁）的全国病例对照研究所收集的健康信息中，既包括采访又包括医疗记录。将母亲孕期感染和药物使用的采访报告与基层医疗记录进行比较。将临床诊断和处方作为参考，计算妈妈的回想与敏感性和特异性，同时计算一致性kappa系数。使用逻辑回归估计每个信息来源的奇比率的比例变化来评估估计值的差异。在孩子出生后约6年左右（范围为0-18年）采访了1624例病例和2524例对照的母亲。大多数药物和感染均被低估；在常规医生记录中，抗生素处方几乎高出三倍，而感染则高出超过40％。随着怀孕时间的增加，大多数感染和除'抗癫痫药和苯巴比妥类药物外的所有药物的灵敏度均低于40％（对照组中，灵敏度为80％的抗癫痫药和苯巴比妥类药物除外）。基于自我报告数据的个别药物/疾病类别相关的OR与基于医疗记录的OR相比，差异从减少26％到增加26％不等；病例和对照组母亲之间的报告差异在方向上没有系统性。我们发现，在孕期数年后进行基于问卷的研究往往会导致大量的信息漏报和不良效度。因此，未来应鼓励使用前瞻性收集的数据，以最大程度地减少测量误差。© 作者（2023）。牛津大学出版社代表国际流行病学协会发布。

Studies examining the potential impact of mothers' health during pregnancy on the health of their offspring often rely on self-reported information gathered several years later. To assess the validity of this approach, we analysed data from a national case-control study of childhood cancer (diagnosed <15 years) that collected health information from both interviews and medical records.Mothers' interview reports of infections and medications in pregnancy were compared with primary care records. Taking clinical diagnoses and prescriptions as the reference, sensitivity and specificity of maternal recall along with kappa coefficients of agreement were calculated. Differences in the odd ratios estimated using logistic regression for each information source were assessed using the proportional change in the odds ratio (OR).Mothers of 1624 cases and 2524 controls were interviewed ∼6 years (range 0-18 years) after their child's birth. Most drugs and infections were underreported; in general practitioner records, antibiotic prescriptions were nearly three times higher and infections >40% higher. Decreasing with increasing time since pregnancy, sensitivity was ⩽40% for most infections and all drugs except 'anti-epileptics and barbiturates' (sensitivity 80% among controls). ORs associated with individual drug/disease categories that were based on self-reported data varied from 26% lower to 26% higher than those based on medical records; reporting differences between mothers of cases and controls were not systematically in the same direction.The findings highlight the scale of under-reporting and poor validity of questionnaire-based studies conducted several years after pregnancy. Future research using prospectively collected data should be encouraged to minimize measurement errors.© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Epidemiological Association.