本研究旨在探索蝴蝶豆花（BF）提取物在低级炎症小鼠模型中对新陈代谢和免疫稳态的增强作用。结果发现，BF提取物主要含有花青素和其他黄酮类物质。BF补充剂通过降低血浆葡萄糖、脂多糖（LPS）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）水平，恢复脂质代谢和调节调节性T细胞和Th17细胞的平衡，从而抑制肝脏和腹部脂肪组织的功能失调。BF提取物增加了紧密连接蛋白的表达，并减少了促炎细胞因子的表达，因此维持结肠粘膜结构。此外，BF提取物重塑了肠道菌群结构，显著促进了丙酸产生菌群，如Akkermansia和Butyricicoccaceae。此外，BF提取物增强了粪便中的原始胆酸（BA）水平，并调节了肝脏和回肠中的胆酸信号传导，以促进胆酸合成，恢复脂质代谢。总之，富含花青素的BF提取物通过调节肠道微环境的各个方面和增加肝脏胆酸合成，缓解了深度的消极饮食改变，有助于维持新陈代谢健康。

This study aimed to explore the enhancive effects of butterfly pea flower (BF) extracts on metabolic and immune homeostasis in a low-grade inflammation mouse model. The BF extract was found to contain mainly anthocyanins among other flavonoids. BF supplementation alleviated metabolic endotoxemia by lowering the plasma glucose, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels and restored lipid metabolism and the balance between Treg and Th17 cells, thereby inhibiting the dysfunctional liver and abdominal white adipose tissues. BF extract increased the tight junction protein expression and reduced the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, therefore sustaining the colonic mucosa structure. Furthermore, BF extracts reshaped the gut microbiota structure characterized by significantly promoted SCFA-producing gut microbiota such as Akkermansia and Butyricicoccaceae. Additionally, BF extracts enhanced fecal primary bile acid (BA) levels and modulated bile acid signaling in the liver and ileum to facilitate BA synthesis for the restoration of lipid metabolism. In summary, anthocyanin-enriched BF extracts alleviated the profound negative dietary alterations and helped maintain the metabolic health by modulating the various aspects of the gut microenvironment and enhancing hepatic bile acid synthesis.