近年来，终末分化细胞的重编程在再生医学和疾病药物模型领域中变得重要，特别是诱导多能干细胞（iPSCs）。与此同时，iPSCs在人类癌症研究中也起到了重要作用。从癌症患者产生的iPSCs可以用于模拟癌症的早期进展、药物测试和研究癌症发生的分子机制。近年来，随着细胞免疫疗法在癌症治疗中的应用，患者衍生的iPSC诱导的免疫细胞（T细胞、自然杀伤细胞和巨噬细胞）解决了免疫排斥问题，并具有更高的免疫原性，极大地提高了免疫细胞疗法的治疗效果。随着癌症分化治疗的不断进展，iPSC技术可以将癌细胞重编程为更原始的多能未分化状态，并通过改变癌细胞的表观遗传状况成功地将癌细胞逆转为良性表型。本文综述了细胞重编程技术在人类癌症研究中的最新进展，重点介绍了重编程技术在癌症免疫疗法中的应用及其解决的问题，并总结了在重编程和随后的分化过程中癌细胞的恶性表型变化。

The reprogramming of terminally differentiated cells over the past few years has become important for induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in the field of regenerative medicine and disease drug modeling. At the same time, iPSCs have also played an important role in human cancer research. iPSCs derived from cancer patients can be used to simulate the early progression of cancer, for drug testing, and to study the molecular mechanism of cancer occurrence. In recent years, with the application of cellular immunotherapy in cancer therapy, patient-derived iPSC-induced immune cells (T, natural killer, and macrophage cells) solve the problem of immune rejection and have higher immunogenicity, which greatly improves the therapeutic efficiency of immune cell therapy. With the continuous progress of cancer differentiation therapy, iPSC technology can reprogram cancer cells to a more primitive pluripotent undifferentiated state, and successfully reverse cancer cells to a benign phenotype by changing the epigenetic inheritance of cancer cells. This article reviews the recent progress of cell reprogramming technology in human cancer research, focuses on the application of reprogramming technology in cancer immunotherapy and the problems solved, and summarizes the malignant phenotype changes of cancer cells in the process of reprogramming and subsequent differentiation.