分析包括体外循环（CPB）在内的心脏手术技术在局部晚期肺癌和纵隔浸润性肿瘤患者中的安全性和便捷性。在2005年至2015年间，23例患有局部晚期胸部肿瘤的患者（1组）使用了心脏手术技术和CPB。同一期间，也有22例（2组）接受了联合手术，其在技术上可能类似。然而，由于各种原因，这些技术并没有被使用。其中，纵隔恶性肿瘤被诊断出来的患者占26例（57.8%），非小细胞肺癌患者占19例（42.2%）。上腔静脉（n=15）、主动脉（n=13）和肺动脉（n=12）的侵犯是最常见的。无名静脉（n=8）、左心房（n=6）和无名动脉（n=4）的损伤较为少见。共进行了21例肺切除术（1组有14例，2组有7例）。小叶切除术较少见（每组一例）。小叶下肺叶切除术在10例患者中进行（1组2例，2组8例）。所有切除术在第一组中均为全量切除（R0），这在不同器官和血管的常规形态学检查中得到了证实。第二组的情况较差（19例（86.4%）患者为R1，3例（13.6%）患者为R2）。总术后并发症发生率为53.3%，死亡率为8.2%。与接受胸部恶性肿瘤手术治疗的患者相比，这些值较高。第一组的术后并发症发生率较高（分别为16例（69.6%）和8例（36.4%））。第一组中有4例患者死亡。死亡原因包括败血症（n=2）、急性右室衰竭（n=1）和急性心肌梗死（n=1）。第二组没有致死事件。只有8例（36.4%）患者被诊断出各种术后并发症。对80%的患者进行了长期随访。第一组的3年和5年生存率分别为30.5%和25%（中位数为43.8个月）。第二组的这些值分别为25%和2%（中位数为24.9个月）。第二组的长期死亡是由恶性过程的进展引起的，包括术后姑息性手术（R1、R2切除）后的局部复发。术中使用体外循环（on-pump surgery）的患者术后并发症和死亡率的风险较高，但其长期结果明显更好。进一步进展与体外循环的安全性有关，并且需要解决一些组织和教育问题。

To analyse safety and expediency of cardiac surgical technologies including cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in patients with locally advanced lung cancer and invasive tumors of the mediastinum.Cardiac surgical techniques and CPB were used in 23 patients (group 1) with locally advanced thoracic tumors between 2005 and 2015. For the same period, there were 22 patients (group 2) who underwent combined surgeries and could have had similar techniques. However, these techniques were not used for various reasons. Mediastinal malignancies and non-small cell lung cancer were diagnosed in 26 (57.8%) and 19 (42.2%) patients, respectively. Invasion of superior vena cava (n=15), aorta (n=13) and pulmonary artery (n=12) was the most common. Lesion of innominate vein (n=8), left atrium (n=6) and innominate artery (n=4) was less common. A total of 21 pneumonectomies were performed (14 in the first group and 7 in the second group). Lobectomy was less common (one patient in each group). Sublobar lung resection was performed in 10 patients (2 patients in the first group and 8 ones in the second group). All resections were total in the first group (R0) that was confirmed by routine morphological examination of resection margins of different organs and vessels. The situation was worse in the second group (R1 in 19 (86.4%) patients, R2 in 3 (13.6%) patients).Total postoperative morbidity was 53.3%, mortality - 8.2%. These values are higher compared to patients undergoing surgical treatment for thoracic malignancies. Incidence of postoperative complications was higher in the first group (16 (69.6%) and 8 (36.4%), respectively). Four patients died in the first group. Sepsis (n=2), acute right ventricular failure (n=1) and acute myocardial infarction (n=1) caused death. There were no lethal outcomes in the second group. Various postoperative complications were diagnosed only in 8 (36.4%) patients. The long-term results were followed-up in 80% of patients. In the first group, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 30.5% and 25%, respectively (median 43.8 months). In the second group, these values were 25% and 2%, respectively (median 24.9 months). Long-term mortality in the second group was caused by progression of malignant process, including local recurrence, after palliative surgery (R1, R2 resection).Higher risk of postoperative complications and mortality in patients undergoing on-pump surgery is compensated by significantly better long-term results. Further progress is associated with higher safety of CPB, as well as solving some organizational and educational problems.