阴道癌是一种不常见的恶性肿瘤。阴道癌在诊断和医疗治疗成本以及女性身心健康方面引起了公共卫生问题。我们的研究旨在对人群亚组中阴道癌的全球疾病负担、相关风险因素和时间发病趋势进行彻底分析。我们使用全球癌症观察和《五大洲癌症发病率》的数据来调查阴道癌发病率。使用年龄标准化比率(ASR)来描述阴道癌的发病率。使用Joinpoint回归法评估各个年龄组的发病趋势的10年变化率、平均每年百分比变化率和95%的置信区间，使用线性回归研究其与风险因素的相关性。在欧洲西部(2.4)、北美洲(1.9)、北欧(1.9)、澳大利亚和新西兰(1.8)以及东非(1.4)地区发现了较高的ASR。较高的阴道癌发病率与人均国内生产总值、人类发展指数、吸烟、饮酒、不安全性行为和人类免疫缺陷病毒感染的患病率有关。阴道癌的发病率总体趋势呈现增长。老年女性呈现增长趋势，年轻女性呈现混合趋势。阴道癌的疾病负担根据其两种组织学途径呈现双峰模式，影响了发达地区和发展中国家地区的女性。应该在普通人群中推广戒烟、性教育和人乳头瘤病毒疫苗接种计划。后续研究可以探索阴道癌发病率增加趋势的原因。© 2023作者。《国际癌症杂志》由约翰威立公司代表UICC出版。

Vulvar cancer is an uncommon malignancy. Vulvar cancer alarmed the public health problem in terms of the cost of diagnostic and medical treatments and psychical health of females. Our study aims to provide a thorough analysis of the global disease burden, related risk factors and temporal incidence trends of vulvar cancer in population subgroups. Data from Global Cancer Observatory and the Cancer Incidence in Five Continents Plus were used for the vulvar cancer incidence. Age-standardized rates (ASR) were used to depict the incidence of vulvar cancer. The 10-year trend of incidence was assessed using joinpoint regression with average annual percentage change and 95% confidence intervals in various age groups, while its correlations with risk factors were investigated using linear regression. Higher ASR were found in Western Europe (2.4), Northern America (1.9), Northern Europe (1.9), Australia and New Zealand (1.8) and Eastern Africa (1.4). The associated risk factors of higher vulvar cancer incidence were gross domestic product per capita, Human Development Index, higher prevalence of smoking, alcohol drinking, unsafe sex and human immunodeficiency virus infection. The overall trend of vulvar cancer incidence was increasing. An increasing trend was found in older females while a mixed trend was observed in younger females. The disease burden of vulvar cancer follows a bimodal pattern according to its two histologic pathways, affecting women in both developed and developing regions. Smoking cessation, sex education and human papillomavirus vaccination programs should be promoted among the general population. Subsequent studies can be done to explore the reasons behind the increasing trend of vulvar cancer.© 2023 The Authors. International Journal of Cancer published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of UICC.