有机体——在生命科学领域的一项新兴前沿技术，其中多能干细胞或组织来源的分化/前体细胞根据其多方向分化潜能和自组装能力形成3D结构。目前虽然各种类型的有机体已被广泛研究，但其构建操作复杂，收益不确定，对原始器官的结构和功能的再现性差。建立一个生物仿生微环境用于体外干细胞增殖和分化已被认为是推动该领域的关键。本综述论文回顾了有机体的工程仿生微环境的最新发展。首先，我们总结了有机体培养基的组成。然后，详细讨论了从生物物理、生物化学和细胞角度工程化微环境的策略。随后，还对新近发展的监测技术进行了回顾。最后，简要总结并展望了未来研究的启示。本文受版权保护，所有权利均保留。

Organoid is an emerging frontier technology in the field of life science., in which pluripotent stem cells or tissue-derived differentiated/progenitor cells form 3D structures according to their multi-directional differentiation potential and self-assembly ability. Nowadays, although various types of organoids have been widely investigated, their construction is still complicated in operation, uncertain in yield, and poor in reproducibility for the structure and function of native organs. Constructing a biomimetic microenvironment for stem cell proliferation and differentiation in vitro has been recognized as a key to driving this field. This review reviews the recent development of engineered biomimetic microenvironments for organoids. Firstly, we summarize the composition of the matrix for organoid culture. Then, strategies for engineering the microenvironment from biophysical, biochemical, and cellular perspectives have been discussed in detail. Subsequently, the newly developed monitoring technologies are also reviewed. Finally, a brief conclusion and outlook are presented for the inspiration of future research. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.