在过去的十年中，已经设计出了大量的免疫治疗策略以调节肿瘤免疫微环境。特别是免疫检查点（IC）阻断治疗在最近几年的癌症治疗中取得了最有希望的进展。在非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）中，目前缺乏预测IC治疗反应的生物标志物。我们最近确定了免疫评分-IC（Immunoscore-IC），这是一个有效预测NSCLC患者免疫检查点抑制剂（ICI）疗效的生物标志物。免疫评分-IC是一种体外诊断方法，用于量化肿瘤微环境中PD-L1+、CD8+细胞密度以及CD8+细胞与PD-L1+细胞之间的距离。免疫评分-IC可以将IC治疗的NSCLC患者分为响应者和非响应者两组，并被证明是预测这些患者对抗PD-1/PD-L1免疫治疗反应的一种有前景的标志物。免疫评分-IC还显示出了显著的预测价值，优于目前使用的PD-L1标志物。在结直肠癌（CRC）中，将阿替珠单抗加入一线FOLFOXIRI加倍可视巴西地平治疗可以提高未经治疗的转移性CRC患者的无进展生存期（PFS）。在AtezoTRIBE试验中，免疫评分-IC成为第一个具有可靠预测价值的生物标志物，用于分层病毒MMR转移性CRC患者，以从免疫检查点抑制剂中获益。因此，免疫评分-IC可能是一个通用的生物标志物，用于预测不同癌症诊断中对PD-1/PD-L1检查点抑制剂免疫疗法的反应。因此，癌症患者的分层（通过免疫评分-IC）基于T淋巴细胞和PD-L1的存在，可以为临床医生提供支持，指导他们进行联合癌症治疗决策。© 2023 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

In the last decade, a plethora of immunotherapeutic strategies have been designed to modulate the tumor immune microenvironment. In particular, immune checkpoint (IC) blockade therapies present the most promising advances made in cancer treatment in recent years. In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), biomarkers predicting response to IC treatments are currently lacking. We have recently identified Immunoscore-IC, a powerful biomarker that predicts the efficiency of immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in NSCLC patients. Immunoscore-IC is an in vitro diagnostic assay that quantifies densities of PD-L1+, CD8+ cells, and distances between CD8+ and PD-L1+ cells in the tumor microenvironment. Immunoscore-IC can classify responder vs non-responder NSCLC patients for ICIs therapy and is revealed as a promising predictive marker of response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy in these patients. Immunoscore-IC has also shown a significant predictive value, superior to the currently used PD-L1 marker. In colorectal cancer (CRC), the addition of atezolizumab to first-line FOLFOXIRI plus bevacizumab improved progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with previously untreated metastatic CRC. In the AtezoTRIBE trial, Immunoscore-IC emerged as the first biomarker with robust predictive value in stratifying pMMR metastatic CRC patients who critically benefit from checkpoint inhibitors. Thus, Immunoscore-IC could be a universal biomarker to predict response to PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy across multiple cancer indications. Therefore, cancer patient stratification (by Immunoscore-IC), based on the presence of T lymphocytes and PD-L1 potentially provides support for clinicians to guide them through combination cancer treatment decisions.© 2023 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.