铁死亡（Ferroptosis）是一种依赖铁离子的编程细胞死亡方式，其特征为铁离子过载、活性氧（ROS）积累和脂质过氧化。越来越多的观点认为铁稳态失衡和脂质代谢紊乱通过触发铁死亡在各种肾脏疾病中导致组织或器官损伤。目前，与铁死亡有关的关键调控因子和复杂的网络机制已经得到深入研究，然而，其在肾脏疾病发生和进展中的作用尚未完全揭示。在此，我们旨在讨论与铁死亡相关的特征、关键调控因子和复杂的网络机制，探索细胞器在铁死亡中的新兴作用，总结其药理学进展，并系统地总结铁死亡与肾脏疾病（包括肾细胞癌、急性肾损伤、糖尿病肾病、常染色体显性多囊肾病、肾纤维化、狼疮性肾炎及IgA肾病）之间的最新研究进展。此外，我们进一步总结了通过靶向铁死亡的潜在治疗策略，以预防和治疗肾脏疾病，并期望本文能为深入探究铁死亡在肾相关疾病发病机制中的作用提供启示。© 作者。

Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent programmed cell death pattern that is characterized by iron overload, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and lipid peroxidation. Growing viewpoints support that the imbalance of iron homeostasis and the disturbance of lipid metabolism contribute to tissue or organ injury in various kidney diseases by triggering ferroptosis. At present, the key regulators and complicated network mechanisms associated with ferroptosis have been deeply studied; however, its role in the initiation and progression of kidney diseases has not been fully revealed. Herein, we aim to discuss the features, key regulators and complicated network mechanisms associated with ferroptosis, explore the emerging roles of organelles in ferroptosis, gather its pharmacological progress, and systematically summarize the most recent discoveries about the crosstalk between ferroptosis and kidney diseases, including renal cell carcinoma (RCC), acute kidney injury (AKI), diabetic kidney disease (DKD), autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), renal fibrosis, lupus nephritis (LN) and IgA nephropathy. We further conclude the potential therapeutic strategies by targeting ferroptosis for the prevention and treatment of kidney diseases and hope that this work will provide insight for the further study of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of kidney-related diseases.© The author(s).