睾丸癌是15至35岁男性中最常见的肿瘤，每年导致大量新病例和死亡。非编码RNA（ncRNA）在各种细胞过程和病理过程中已被证实是关键调节因子，其中包括睾丸癌。它们参与基因调控、编码、解码和整体基因表达控制，表明它们在这种癌症的替代治疗方法中具有潜力作为靶点。此外，表观遗传修饰，如组蛋白修饰、DNA甲基化和由microRNA（miRNA）调控，已被认为与睾丸肿瘤的进展和治疗反应有关。表观遗传学也可能为睾丸细胞肿瘤（TGCT）患者的预后评估和靶向治疗提供重要见解。本综述旨在介绍一些蛋白质和ncRNA（主要是miRNA和lncRNA）在睾丸癌的表观遗传学方面的最新发现，强调它们在发病机制中的相关性以及由于它们的特定表达在预后评估和靶向治疗方面具有前景的事实。

Testicular cancer is the most prevalent tumor among males aged 15 to 35, resulting in a significant number of newly diagnosed cases and fatalities annually. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as key regulators in various cellular processes and pathologies, including testicular cancer. Their involvement in gene regulation, coding, decoding, and overall gene expression control suggests their potential as targets for alternative treatment approaches for this type of cancer. Furthermore, epigenetic modifications, such as histone modifications, DNA methylation, and the regulation by microRNA (miRNA), have been implicated in testicular tumor progression and treatment response. Epigenetics may also offer critical insights for prognostic evaluation and targeted therapies in patients with testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT). This comprehensive review aims to present the latest discoveries regarding the involvement of some proteins and ncRNAs, mainly miRNAs and lncRNA, in the epigenetic aspect of testicular cancer, emphasizing their relevance in pathogenesis and their potential, given the fact that their specific expression holds promise for prognostic evaluation and targeted therapies.