肾细胞癌（RCC）是一种相对罕见的恶性肿瘤，只占成年人癌症的3％，但它却占原发性肾肿瘤的85％。当RCC转移时，最常见的部位是肺部、肝脏、骨骼和脑部。虽然罕见，但RCC也可以转移到阴道。大约有18-33％的RCC病例在初次诊断时被诊断为转移。 一名48岁的女性因性交后出血和性交疼痛就诊。在体格检查中，发现她阴道上部第三侧壁有一个息肉状肿块，CT扫描显示右侧肾脏有病变。活检显示肿瘤为透明细胞肾细胞癌，并已发生阴道转移。患者被诊断为Ⅳ期（T3cN2M1）肾癌，并接受埃罗利莫司（Everolimus）的全身治疗。然而，随后的影像显示肿瘤进展，患者决定停止治疗，并随后失去了随访。 在过去的十年中，报道的RCC转移至阴道的病例不到十例。由于阴道清除细胞癌与透明细胞肾细胞癌有相似的形态学特征，诊断阴道清除细胞癌具有一定的挑战性，需要进行免疫组化检测。由于罕见性，治疗阴道癌具有一定的挑战性，并且由于前瞻性研究有限，对最佳治疗方法缺乏共识。 虽然RCC转移至阴道的发生率非常罕见，但在阴道出血或病变的情况下，考虑到转移性RCC的可能性非常重要。 Copyright © 2023. Elsevier Ltd. 出版。

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a relatively uncommon malignancy, comprising only 3 % of adult cancers, but it is responsible for 85 % of primary renal tumors. When RCC metastasizes, the most common sites are the lungs, liver, bones, and brain. Although it is rare, RCC can also metastasize to the vagina. About 18-33 % of RCC cases are diagnosed with metastasis at the time of initial diagnosis.A 48-year-old woman presented with postcoital bleeding and dyspareunia. At the physical examination, a polypoid mass was discovered on the right lateral wall of the upper third of her vagina and CT scan showed a right renal. Biopsies revealed clear cell renal carcinoma with metastasis to the vagina. The patient was diagnosed with stage IV (T3cN2 M1) renal cancer and underwent systemic therapy with Everolimus. However, subsequent imaging showed tumor progression, and the patient opted to halt treatment and was subsequently lost to follow-up.In the past decade, there have been fewer than ten reported cases of RCC metastasizing to the vagina. Diagnosing vaginal clear cell carcinoma is challenging due to overlapping morphology with clear cell renal cell carcinoma, requiring immunohistochemistry. Treatment of vaginal cancers is challenging due to their rarity, and there is a lack of consensus on the optimal approach due to limited prospective studies.Although the occurrence of RCC metastasis to the vagina is very uncommon, it is important to consider the possibility of metastatic RCC in cases of vaginal bleeding or lesions.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Ltd.