在R-CHOP初始治疗后达到完全代谢恢复（CMR）的弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤（DLBCL）患者通常具有良好的预后；然而，这些患者的复发预后性生物标志物尚未确立。诊断时可溶性白细胞介素-2受体（sIL-2R）水平是DLBCL患者的预后因素。然而，治疗后sIL-2R水平的意义尚不明确。为了确定治疗后血清sIL-2R水平对随后的复发和生存的意义，我们对接受R-CHOP治疗并达到CMR的485例新诊断DLBCL患者进行了回顾性分析。与sIL-2R水平正常的患者相比，治疗后sIL-2R水平升高的患者的累积复发率（CIR）明显较高（5年CIR；38.8% vs 12.8%）。多变量分析结果显示该预后值仍然具有显著意义（风险比为2.30，p<0.001）。治疗后5年无进展生存率（49.0% vs 83.5%）和总生存率（61.7% vs 91.6%）较sIL-2R水平正常的患者较低（p<0.001）。在接受R-CHOP治疗后达到CMR的新诊断DLBCL患者中，治疗后血清sIL-2R水平是随后复发和生存的独立预后指标。©2023. 施普林格自然出版集团有限公司。

Patients with DLBCL achieving complete metabolic response (CMR) after initial treatment with R-CHOP generally have a favourable prognosis; however, there are no established prognostic biomarkers for relapse in these patients. Soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) levels at diagnosis are prognostic factors in patients with DLBCL. However, the significance of post-treatment sIL-2R levels is unclear. To determine the significance of post-treatment serum sIL-2R levels on subsequent relapse and survival, we retrospectively analysed 485 patients with newly diagnosed DLBCL who received R-CHOP treatment and achieved CMR. The cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) was significantly higher in patients with elevated post-treatment sIL-2R levels than in those with normal sIL-2R levels (five-year CIR; 38.8% vs. 12.8%). The prognostic value remained significant in multivariable analysis (hazard ratio, 2.30; p < 0.001). Five-year progression-free survival (49.0% vs. 83.5%) and overall survival (61.7% vs. 91.6%) rates were lower in patients with elevated post-treatment sIL-2R levels than in those with normal sIL-2R levels (p < 0.001 for both). In patients with newly diagnosed DLBCL who achieved CMR after R-CHOP treatment, the post-treatment serum sIL-2R level was an independent prognostic marker of subsequent relapse and survival.© 2023. Springer Nature Limited.