胃癌（GC）是一种恶性肿瘤，在全球具有较高发病率和死亡率。GC的发生和发展是一个复杂的过程，涉及到肿瘤细胞基因变化和周围肿瘤微环境（TME）的影响。累积证据表明，肿瘤相关巨噬细胞（TAMs）在GC中发挥着重要作用，作为TME内数量众多和活跃浸润的炎症细胞。本综述总结了TAMs在GC进展中的不同功能和机制，包括表型亚型的转化、促进肿瘤增殖、侵袭和迁移、诱导化疗耐药性、促进血管生成、调节免疫抑制、重编代谢以及与微生物群落的互作。尽管在临床设置中TAMs在GC中的作用存在争议，澄清它们在GC治疗选择和预后预测中的重要性，可能有助于优化以TAM为中心的临床治疗。总之，我们综述了TAMs的表型极化、功能和分子机制，以及它们在GC治疗选择和预后预测中的潜在应用。 © 2023年作者. 由上海临床生物信息学研究所代表John Wiley & Sons Australia有限公司出版的《临床与翻译医学》发表。

Gastric cancer (GC) is a malignant tumour, with high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. The occurrence and development of GC is a complex process involving genetic changes in tumour cells and the influence of the surrounding tumour microenvironment (TME). Accumulative evidence shows that tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a vital role in GC, acting as plentiful and active infiltrating inflammatory cells in the TME.In this review, the different functions and mechanisms of TAMs in GC progression, including the conversion of phenotypic subtypes; promotion of tumour proliferation, invasion and migration; induction of chemoresistance; promotion of angiogenesis; modulation of immunosuppression; reprogramming of metabolism; and interaction with the microbial community are summarised. Although the role of TAMs in GC remains controversial in clinical settings, clarifying their significance in the treatment selection and prognostic prediction of GC could support optimising TAM-centred clinicaltherapy.In summary, we reviewed the the phenotypic polarisation, function and molecular mechanism of TAMs and their potential applications in the treatment selection and prognostic prediction of GC.© 2023 The Authors. Clinical and Translational Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Shanghai Institute of Clinical Bioinformatics.