热死亡（pyroptosis）、凋亡（apoptosis）、坏死性死亡（necroptosis）和铁死亡（ferroptosis）是最被研究广泛的调控细胞死亡（RCD）途径，它们有助于清除感染或潜在恶性细胞，强调了它们在稳态、宿主对抗病原体、癌症和其他多种病理过程中的重要性。尽管这四种RCD途径具有不同的分子和细胞过程，新兴的遗传学和生物化学研究表明它们之间存在着显著的灵活性和相互作用。热死亡、凋亡和坏死性死亡途径之间的相互作用在细胞对感染的响应中更为明显，由此产生了PANoptosis的概念。在本综述中，我们对热死亡、凋亡、坏死性死亡和铁死亡的分子机制及其在维持稳态中的重要性进行了简要概述。我们讨论了这些RCD途径之间的复杂相互作用以及当前支持PANoptosis的证据，重点关注传染病和癌症。了解各种细胞死亡途径的基本过程对于制定针对多种疾病的新治疗方案至关重要，包括感染、无菌炎症和癌症等。© 2023. 作者。

Pyroptosis, apoptosis, necroptosis, and ferroptosis, which are the most well-studied regulated cell death (RCD) pathways, contribute to the clearance of infected or potentially neoplastic cells, highlighting their importance in homeostasis, host defense against pathogens, cancer, and a wide range of other pathologies. Although these four RCD pathways employ distinct molecular and cellular processes, emerging genetic and biochemical studies have suggested remarkable flexibility and crosstalk among them. The crosstalk among pyroptosis, apoptosis and necroptosis pathways is more evident in cellular responses to infection, which has led to the conceptualization of PANoptosis. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the molecular mechanisms of pyroptosis, apoptosis, necroptosis, and ferroptosis and their importance in maintaining homeostasis. We discuss the intricate crosstalk among these RCD pathways and the current evidence supporting PANoptosis, focusing on infectious diseases and cancer. Understanding the fundamental processes of various cell death pathways is crucial to inform the development of new therapeutics against many diseases, including infection, sterile inflammation, and cancer.© 2023. The Author(s).