脑肿瘤占儿童癌症的20-25%。最常见的脑肿瘤类型是根据恶性程度分为I到IV级的胶质瘤。目前治疗胶质瘤的方法包括化学疗法、放射疗法、酪氨酸激酶抑制剂、单克隆抗体和手术，但每种治疗策略都有严重的副作用。因此，为了改善治疗效果，有必要根据患者和肿瘤特征，使用适当的分子靶点来个体化治疗。一种越来越受欢迎的策略是药养营养，它将个体化的药物治疗与设计用于增强药物效果的饮食相结合。在本综述中，我们研究了生酮饮食的分子机制、表观遗传效应和氧化应激通路的调节，以探讨其可能在婴儿胶质瘤治疗中作为与传统癌症治疗相辅相成的方法。Copyright © 2023 Cecchi, Romanelli, Ricevuti, Amitrano, Carbone, Dinardo and Burgio.

Brain tumors account for 20-25% of pediatric cancers. The most frequent type of brain tumor is Glioma from grade I to grade IV according to the rate of malignancy. Current treatments for gliomas use chemotherapy, radiotherapy, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies and surgery, but each of the treatment strategies has several serious side effects. Therefore, to improve treatment efficacy, it is necessary to tailor therapies to patient and tumor characteristics, using appropriate molecular targets. An increasingly popular strategy is pharmaconutrition, which combines a tailored pharmacological treatment with a diet designed to synergize the effects of drugs. In this review we deal in the molecular mechanisms, the epigenetic effects and modulation of the oxidative stress pathway of ketogenic diets, that underlie its possible role, in the treatment of infantile gliomas, as a complementary approach to conventional cancer therapy.Copyright © 2023 Cecchi, Romanelli, Ricevuti, Amitrano, Carbone, Dinardo and Burgio.