鉴于RNA结合蛋白具有与特定RNA序列结合并调控其命运的能力，越来越多的研究表明RNA结合蛋白在基因表达调控中具有重要作用。大量证据表明，RNA结合蛋白参与了多种恶性肿瘤的发生和进展，引起了人们对其作为治疗干预的潜力越来越多的关注。Musashi RNA结合蛋白Musashi-1和Musashi-2最初被确定为神经系统的发育因子，但近年来，它们被发现在生理组织中广泛表达，并可能参与病理性细胞行为。由于在多种肿瘤实体中发生失调，包括女性恶性肿瘤，这两种蛋白越来越受到研究者的关注。最新数据表明，Musashi蛋白作为肿瘤干细胞标记物，它们对肿瘤细胞增殖和治疗抵抗性起到重要作用，这促使人们努力寻找针对它们的机制。然而，由于目前的情景仍然不完整，对Musashi蛋白在不同信号通路中作用的阐明工作仍在进行中。在本综述中，我们重点关注Musashi蛋白在女性肿瘤（乳腺癌、子宫内膜癌、卵巢癌和宫颈癌）中的作用，旨在总结当前的知识并讨论未来的展望。© 2023. Yumed Inc. and BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.

RNA-binding proteins have increasingly been identified as important regulators of gene expression given their ability to bind distinct RNA sequences and regulate their fate. Mounting evidence suggests that RNA-binding proteins are involved in the onset and progression of multiple malignancies, prompting increasing interest in their potential for therapeutic intervention.The Musashi RNA binding proteins Musashi-1 and Musashi-2 were initially identified as developmental factors of the nervous system but have more recently been found to be ubiquitously expressed in physiological tissues and may be involved in pathological cell behavior. Both proteins are increasingly investigated in cancers given dysregulation in multiple tumor entities, including in female malignancies. Recent data suggest that the Musashi proteins serve as cancer stem cell markers as they contribute to cancer cell proliferation and therapy resistance, prompting efforts to identify mechanisms to target them. However, as the picture remains incomplete, continuous efforts to elucidate their role in different signaling pathways remain ongoing.In this review, we focus on the roles of Musashi proteins in tumors of the female - breast, endometrial, ovarian and cervical cancer - as we aim to summarize current knowledge and discuss future perspectives.© 2023. Yumed Inc. and BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.