【鳞状苔癣的分子遗传诊断特征】 摘要：鳞状苔癣（verrucous leukoplakia）是一种常见的颌面部黏膜病变，它具有潜在的恶性转化风险。分子遗传诊断是一种能够帮助早期发现和评估鳞状苔癣患者的诊断方法。本文主要介绍鳞状苔癣分子遗传诊断的特征，包括检测对象、检测方法和分子标志物等方面。通过对相关文献的综述，我们总结了目前常用的分子遗传诊断技术，并讨论了它们在鳞状苔癣诊断中的应用效果和局限性。在未来的研究中，我们还需要进一步探索和优化鳞状苔癣的分子遗传诊断方法，以提高诊断准确性和预测恶性转化的准确性。 关键词：鳞状苔癣，分子遗传诊断，恶性转化，检测方法，分子标志物.
[Features of molecular genetic diagnosis of verrucous leukoplakia].
发表日期：2023
作者：
A A Ivina, Yu O Tigai, O F Rabinovich, I M Rabinovich, I I Babichenko
来源：
Cellular & Molecular Immunology
摘要：
为评估鳞癌样白斑（VL）的恶性分子遗传标志，对21例诊断为鳞状过度增生（VH）（15例，占71.4%）和鳞状癌（VC）（6例，占28.5%）的患者进行了VL研究。使用针对Ki-67蛋白的小鼠单克隆抗体（MM1，Diagnostic Biosystems）确定了组织抗原。使用兔免疫球蛋白（TRT, Abbiotec）确定了端粒酶活性。通过FISH方法研究了第三染色体RNA的TERC（端粒酶RNA成分）部分的扩增。研究组中发现高细胞增殖和HC与VC之间的显著差异。FISH方法的TERC扩增使得能够对VG与VC进行鉴别诊断。根据研究结果，在VC中检测到TERC基因扩增率为100%，在VG中为20%。FISH方法能够在早期阶段检测到VL的恶性。TERC基因的扩增是VC上皮细胞恶性转化的特征。作为规则，在IG中没有出现扩增，这可以作为COP病理的良性证据。
To evaluate the initial molecular genetic signs of malignancy of verrucous leukoplakia (VL).The study of VL was carried out on biopsies of 21 patients with the diagnoses of verrucous hyperplasia (VH) (15 cases - 71.4%) and verrucous carcinoma (VC) (6 cases - 28.5%). Tissue antigens were determined using mouse monoclonal antibodies to the Ki-67 protein (MM1, Diagnostic Biosystems). Telomerase activity was determined using rabbit immunoglobulin (TRT, Abbiotec). The amplification of the TERC (Telomerase RNA Component) portion of the RNA of the third chromosome was studied by the FISH method.In the studied groups, high cell proliferation and significant differences between HC and VC were revealed. The amplification of TERC by the FISH method made it possible to carry out differential diagnostics between VG and VC. According to the results of the study, the amplification of the TERC gene was detected in 100% in VC and in 20% in VG.The FISH method makes it possible to detect VL malignancy at an early stage. Amplification of the TERC gene is characteristic of malignant transformation of epithelial cells in VC. In IG, as a rule, there was no amplification, which can serve as evidence of the benign nature of the pathology of COP.