该文概述了多形性腺癌的临床、组织学和分子遗传学研究的文献资料。研究表明，多形性腺癌的诊断由于其不同组分的形态结构的多样性，存在一定困难，这可能与其他唾液腺肿瘤（如多形性腺瘤和腺样囊性癌）的特点相对应。描述了该唾液腺病理学特征的免疫组织化学标记。文章呈现了一个男性患者罕见的多形性腺癌临床病例。组织学检查发现神经周围浸润和肿瘤细胞的特征性免疫组织化学表现：Ki-67蛋白的细胞增殖活性低下，对S100、SOX10、P63和逆转录酶TERT的抗原呈阳性反应。通过FISH方法进行的研究发现了TERC基因的扩增，表明这种肿瘤的恶性性质。进行分子遗传学研究对于多形性腺癌的诊断至关重要。

The article summarizes the literature data on the results of clinical, histological and molecular genetic studies of polymorphic adenocarcinoma. It is shown that the diagnosis of polymorphic adenocarcinoma presents difficulties due to the variety of morphological structure of its various components, which may correspond to the characteristics of other tumors of the salivary glands, such as pleomorphic adenoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma. Immunohistochemical markers characteristic of this pathology of the salivary glands are described. The article presents a rare clinical case of a male patient with polymorphic adenocarcinoma. Histological examination revealed perineural invasion and a characteristic immunohistochemical profile of tumor cells: low cell proliferative activity for the Ki-67 protein, a positive reaction to antigens: S100, SOX10, P63 and reverse transcriptase TERT. A study conducted by the FISH method revealed the amplification of the TERC gene, which indicates the malignant nature of this neoplasm. Conducting molecular genetic studies is of paramount importance for the diagnosis of polymorphic adenocarcinoma.