乳腺癌是全球女性最常见的癌症死因之一。特别是三阴性乳腺癌（TNBC）是最具侵袭性的乳腺癌亚型，因其缺乏分子靶点而成为一种孤立的恶性肿瘤。发现新的分子可治疗靶点对于提高治疗成功率至关重要。在这一背景下，非编码RNA为癌症的调节提供了机会。它们是具有表面无蛋白编码潜能的RNA分子，已经被证明在细胞内起着至关重要的作用，涉及不同的过程，如增殖、细胞周期调节、凋亡、迁移和疾病，包括癌症。因此，它们可以作为未来TNBC个性化治疗的靶点。此外，非编码RNA的独特特征使它们成为监测癌症治疗的可靠生物标志物，因此，可以监测TNBC中最具挑战性的复发或化疗抗性。在本综述中，我们重点关注与TNBC密切相关的长非编码RNA（lncRNA）和环状RNA（circRNA）的致癌或抑癌作用，突出它们的作用方式，并描绘了它们作为生物标志物和/或新的非编码RNA为基础的治疗方法的潜在作用。

Breast cancer is one of the most frequent causes of cancer death among women worldwide. In particular, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents the most aggressive breast cancer subtype because it is characterized by the absence of molecular targets, thus making it an orphan type of malignancy. The discovery of new molecular druggable targets is mandatory to improve treatment success. In that context, non-coding RNAs represent an opportunity for modulation of cancer. They are RNA molecules with apparently no protein coding potential, which have been already demonstrated to play pivotal roles within cells, being involved in different processes, such as proliferation, cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, migration, and diseases, including cancer. Accordingly, they could be used as targets for future TNBC personalized therapy. Moreover, the peculiar characteristics of non-coding RNAs make them reliable biomarkers to monitor cancer treatment, thus, to monitor recurrence or chemoresistance, which are the most challenging aspects in TNBC. In the present review, we focused on the oncogenic or oncosuppressor role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) mostly involved in TNBC, highlighting their mode of action and depicting their potential role as a biomarker and/or as targets of new non-coding RNA-based therapeutics.