尽管表面缺陷的调控可以提高碳点的电化学发光（ECL）性能，但其可控性和再现性仍然受到限制。本文中，我们揭示了一种新的方法，通过将发光分子luminol嵌入碳点中，合成含有丰富发光基团的荧光碳点（Lu-CDs）。与未预先嵌入luminol的碳点相比，在ECL起始电位为0.6 V时，Lu-CDs的ECL强度增加了80倍。与其他表面态主导的碳点的ECL和荧光发射有明显偏离的情况不同，Lu-CDs的ECL发射与其荧光发射几乎一致，波长为465 nm，本文中定义为分子发射主导的ECL碳点。为了验证这一原理，我们利用Lu-CDs构建了一种用于MCF-7细胞分析的ECL生物传感器，基于细胞直接识别和放大策略，通过DNA三角形支架上aptamer信号探针与MCF-7细胞的特异性结合，将MCF-7细胞作为纳米机器。所提出的生物传感器展示了宽范围的检测范围（101至104个细胞·mL-1）和低检测限（8.91个细胞·mL-1）。总之，本研究不仅提出了一种制备具有高可控性和优良再现性的碳点的新策略，而且为肿瘤细胞检测提供了一个平台。

Despite the fact that electrochemiluminescent (ECL) performance of carbon dots (CDs) could be improved by modulating their surface defects, they are still restricted by inferior controllability and poor reproducibility. In this work, we disclosed a new approach for synthesizing luminescent groups rich in CDs (Lu-CDs) by engineering the luminol as molecular emission centers into the CDs, which exhibited an 80-fold stronger ECL intensity at an ECL onset potential of 0.6 V than the CDs without pre-implanted luminol. Different from the significant deviation between the ECL and fluorescence emission of other surface state-dominated CDs, the ECL emission of Lu-CDs was nearly consistent with its fluorescence emission at 465 nm, which was defined as the molecular emission dominated-ECL CDs herein. To prove this principle, the Lu-CDs were employed to construct an ECL biosensor for MCF-7 cell analysis based on the cell direct recognition and amplification strategy, which made the MCF-7 cells as nanomachines via specific binding with aptamer signal probes on the DNA triangular scaffold. The proposed biosensor displayed a wide detection range from 101 to 104 cell mL-1 and a low detection limit of 8.91 cells mL-1. Overall, this work not only presents a new strategy for preparing CDs with high controllability and excellent reproducibility but also provides a platform for tumor cell sensing.