非黑色素皮肤癌（NMSC）是最常见的恶性肿瘤。手术干预是常见的治疗方法，但可能导致令人失望的结果，因此需要寻找替代治疗选择。在这项单中心试点研究中，探讨了188Re树脂局部治疗侵袭性NMSC的效果，最大厚度为3毫米。纳入了22名患者，共有40个经组织学确认的NMSC病例，中位病变面积为1.25平方厘米（范围为0.04-16.8平方厘米），中位肿瘤厚度为0.35毫米（范围为0.1-2.1毫米）。患者接受了一次以50 Gray为目标剂量的188Re树脂治疗。中位施加活度为111.4兆贝可（范围为21.0-168.0兆贝可），中位治疗时间为89分钟（范围为38-175分钟）。在治疗后的14天、4个月和12个月评估了治疗反应率、不良事件和美容结果。12个月时的治疗反应率为97.5％，其中95％的病例达到了完全缓解（临床上或者在临床上存在疑问时经组织学确认）。大多数不良事件报告于治疗后的14天，其中20％出现瘙痒症状，12.5％主要为轻微疼痛。49％的病变仅在12个月时出现色素减退情况。41％的病变在美容上优于预期的手术结果，51.3％的病变与手术成功后的结果相当。头部和面部的美容结果优于躯干和下肢（P = 0.003）。188Re树脂是一种对3-mm厚度以内的NMSC极为有效的治疗方法，并且是手术的有效替代选择，特别适用于位于鼻子和耳朵等敏感区域的肿瘤。 版权所有 © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. 保留所有权利。

Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most frequent malignancy. Surgical intervention is the common treatment but may lead to disappointing results; alternative treatment options are needed.In this monocentric pilot study, topical 188Re resin was investigated as a treatment for invasive NMSC up to 3-mm thickness. Twenty-two patients with 40 histologically confirmed NMSCs with a median size of 1.25 cm2 (range, 0.04-16.8 cm2) and a median tumor thickness of 0.35 mm (range, 0.1-2.1 mm) were included. Patients were treated once with 188Re resin with a targeted dose of 50 Gy. The median applied activity was 111.4 MBq (range, 21.0-168.0 MBq), and the median treatment time was 89 minutes (range, 38-175 minutes). The response rate, adverse events, and cosmetic outcome were assessed at 14 days, 4 months, and 12 months.Response rate at 12 months was 97.5%, with 95% complete responses (clinically or histologically proven in case of clinical doubt). Most adverse events were reported at 14 days, with 20% itching and 12.5% mostly minor pain. Forty-nine percent of the lesions showed hypopigmentation only at 12 months. Forty-one percent of the lesions were graded as cosmetically superior to the expected result after surgery and 51.3% as comparable to successful surgery. The cosmetic outcome on the head and face was superior compared with the trunk and leg (P = 0.003).188Re resin is a highly effective treatment for NMSC up to 3-mm thickness and a valid alternative to surgery, specifically for tumors located on sensitive areas such as nose or ear.Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.