在中国被称为柴苓汤，在韩国被称为赛凉汤（Siryung-tang），而在日本则被称为赛灵脱（Sairei-To，或称津村赛雷脱提取颗粒，TJ-114），是一个由12种植物组成的复杂多草药配方。它在历史上被用于治疗少阳证，并记录在古代中国医学文本《伤寒论》中。柴苓汤配方结合了小柴胡汤和五苓散这两个传统的中药方剂（分别在日本被称为细胞活性调节药和五黄散，在韩国被称为寒热解热汤和五凉散）。这些中药/韩药和健康药物在东亚已经使用了2000多年，尤其作为体液稳态调节剂。 本研究旨在通过文献综述评估赛灵脱的临床应用、药理效应和不良反应。根据文献整理了主要的活性植物化学成分及其作用机制。利用与药物治疗名称、相应的植物和植物化学物相关的关键词，检索了包括SciFinder和PubMed在内的几个数据库来获取信息。为了编制这一主题的完整基于科学的概述，还查阅了相关教材、综述文章和数字文档（主要为英语）。 赛灵脱来源于10种植物和2种真菌。其三个主要成分是柴胡（Saiko）、半夏（Hange）和泽泻（Takusha）。其他成分包括黄芩、枣仁、人参、甘草、姜黄、肉桂、苍术、茯苓和猪苓。赛灵脱的治疗用途非常多样化，包括治疗自身免疫性疾病、肠道炎症性疾病、水肿、肠道和肾脏疾病、癌症、炎症性皮肤病以及生殖失败等疾病。赛灵脱被认为是一种安全有效的药物，潜在的不良反应很少，尤其是肺损伤（主要是肺炎）。相关研究已经报道了赛灵脱明显的抗炎和免疫调节作用，一般与皂苷（柴苓皂苷、甘草皂苷）、萜类化合物（艾松醇）和黄酮类化合物（黄芩苷、苦参素A）的作用相关。 赛灵脱常用于治疗炎症性疾病，并且有效降低糖皮质激素的副作用。其免疫调节作用得到广泛认可，可以治疗某些皮肤病变和化疗相关的毒性反应。赛灵脱的活性依赖于其各个成分的协同作用。有必要进一步研究这种有趣的植物药物内在的协同作用。 © 2023. 由Elsevier B.V.出版。

The herbal medicine designated Chai-Ling-Tang in China, Siryung-tang in South Korea, and Sairei-To (or Tsumura Saireito extract granules, TJ-114) in Japan is a complex polyherbal formulations with 12 plant components. It is used historically to treat Shaoyang syndrome, recorded in an ancient Chinese medical text "Treatise on Cold Damage Disorder" (Shanghan Lun). Chai-Ling-Tang formula combines two traditional Chinese herbal medicine prescriptions: Xiao-Chai-Hu-Tang and Wu-Ling-San (known as Sho-Saiko-To and Goreisan in Japan, and So Shi Ho Tang and Oreonsang in Korea, respectively). These traditional Chinese/Korean medicines and Kampo medicine have been used for more than 2000 years in East Asia, notably as regulators of body fluid homeostasis.This study aims to evaluate clinical uses, pharmacological effects and unwanted effects of Sairei-To through a narrative literature survey. The main active phytoconstituents and their mechanism of actions are also collated based on the literature.Several databases including SciFinder and PubMed were searched in sourcing information using keywords corresponding to the medicinal treatment names and the corresponding plants and phytochemicals. Relevant textbooks, reviews, and digital documents (mostly in English) were consulted to collate all available scientific literature and to provide a complete science-based survey of the topic.Sairei-To derives from ten plants and two fungi. The three major components are Bupleuri radix (Saiko), Pinelliae rhizoma (Hange), and Alismatis rhizoma (Takusha). The rest includes the species Scutellariae radix, Zizyphi fructus, Ginseng radix, Glycyrrhizae radix, Zingiberis rhizoma, Cinnamomi cortex, Atractylodis lanceae rhizoma, Poria sclerotium, and Polyporus sclerotium. The therapeutic uses of Sairei-To are very diversified, ranging from the treatment of autoimmune diseases, intestinal inflammatory disorders, edema, intestinal and kidney diseases, cancers, inflammatory skin pathologies, and other conditions such as reproductive failure. Sairei-To is considered as a safe and efficient medication, with potential rare unwanted side effects, notably lung injuries (pneumonitis essentially). Marked anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory effects of Sairei-To have been reported, generally associated to the action of saponins (saikosaponins, glycyrrhizin), terpenoids (alisols) and flavonoids (baicalin, oroxylin A).Sairei-To is commonly used to treat inflammatory diseases and appears efficient to decrease the side effects of corticosteroids. Its immune-regulatory action is well recognized and exploited to treat certain skin lesions and chemotherapy-related toxic effects. The activity of the Sairei-To product relies on the synergistic action of its individual ingredients. Further studies are warranted to quantify the synergy of action inherent to this interesting botanical medication.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.