同一枚硬币的两面：正常和肿瘤干细胞，体外模型和治疗方法的相关性：寨卡病毒对神经系统发育和胶质母细胞瘤治疗的经验。
Two Sides of The Same Coin: Normal and Tumoral Stem Cells, The Relevance of In Vitro Models and Therapeutic Approaches: The Experience with Zika Virus in Nervous System Development and Glioblastoma Treatment.
发表日期：2023 Aug 31
作者：
Rosaria Tinnirello, Cinzia Maria Chinnici, Vitale Miceli, Rosalia Busà, Matteo Bulati, Alessia Gallo, Giovanni Zito, Pier Giulio Conaldi, Gioacchin Iannolo
来源：
Stem Cell Research & Therapy
摘要：
神经干细胞（NSCs）在二十多年前首次被描述出来，因为其能够分化成所有神经细胞系。从小鼠到人类，各个实验室及不同物种都进行了成年人和胚胎中NSCs的分离。同样，不到二十年前，癌症干细胞被描述出来。癌症干细胞在造血恶性肿瘤中首次被鉴定，并且现在已经从多种实体肿瘤（乳腺、脑部和胃肠）中分离出来。尽管这些细胞的起源仍然未知，但人们普遍认同它们在肿瘤的发生、传播，特别是对治疗的抵抗中的作用。正常和肿瘤性神经干细胞具有共同特征，因此可以视为同一枚硬币的两面。这在寨卡病毒（ZIKV）的情况下尤为明显，因为该病毒已被描述为通过特异性靶向NSCs来抑制神经发育。这一认识促使我们和其他研究团队评估了ZIKV对胶质母细胞瘤干细胞（GSCs）的作用。结果表明，该病毒对GSCs具有溶瘤活性，为胶质母细胞瘤的治疗开启了潜在的新可能性。
Neural stem cells (NSCs) were described for the first time more than two decades ago for their ability to differentiate into all neural cell lineages. The isolation of NSCs from adults and embryos was carried out by various laboratories and in different species, from mice to humans. Similarly, no more than two decades ago, cancer stem cells were described. Cancer stem cells, previously identified in hematological malignancies, have now been isolated from several solid tumors (breast, brain, and gastrointestinal compartment). Though the origin of these cells is still unknown, there is a wide consensus about their role in tumor onset, propagation and, in particular, resistance to treatments. Normal and neoplastic neural stem cells share common characteristics, and can thus be considered as two sides of the same coin. This is particularly true in the case of the Zika virus (ZIKV), which has been described as an inhibitor of neural development by specifically targeting NSCs. This understanding prompted us and other groups to evaluate ZIKV action in glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs). The results indicate an oncolytic activity of this virus vs. GSCs, opening potentially new possibilities in glioblastoma treatment.