放射治疗（RT）是一种广泛应用于癌症临床治疗的方法，利用高能辐射产生活性氧自由基（ROS）和DNA损伤。然而，其治疗效果主要受限于对肿瘤的DNA损伤不足以及对正常组织的有害效应。本文中，我们合理设计了一种金属半导体核壳结构（Au@AgBiS2纳米颗粒），旨在直接杀死癌细胞并触发强大的抗肿瘤免疫反应，以对抗4T1三阴性乳腺癌和转移。金属半导体复合材料可以增强ROS的产生，并同时对DNA进行损伤以增强放射治疗的敏感性。此外，Au@AgBiS2作为一个凋亡诱导剂，可以激活caspase-3蛋白、气体孔雀石E蛋白的裂解和损伤相关分子模式的释放。在BALB/c小鼠的体内实验中，Au@AgBiS2纳米颗粒与放射治疗结合展示了显著的抗肿瘤免疫活性，阻止了肿瘤生长和肺转移。因此，这种金属半导体核壳结构是设计高效放射增敏剂用于放射免疫治疗的一种选择。© 2023 The Authors. Advanced Science由Wiley-VCH GmbH出版。

Radiotherapy (RT), a widely used clinical treatment modality for cancer, uses high-energy irradiation for reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and DNA damage. However, its therapeutic effect is primarily limited owing to insufficient DNA damage to tumors and harmful effects on normal tissues. Herein, a core-shell structure of metal-semiconductors (Au@AgBiS2 nanoparticles) that can function as pyroptosis inducers to both kill cancer cells directly and trigger a robust anti-tumor immune against 4T1 triple-negative murine breast cancer and metastasis is rationally designed. Metal-semiconductor composites can enhance the generation of considerable ROS and simultaneously DNA damage for RT sensitization. Moreover, Au@AgBiS2 , a pyroptosis inducer, induces caspase-3 protein activation, gasdermin E cleavage, and the release of damage-associated molecular patterns. In vivo studies in BALB/c mice reveal that Au@AgBiS2 nanoparticles combined with RT exhibit remarkable antitumor immune activity, preventing tumor growth, and lung metastasis. Therefore, this core-shell structure is an alternative for designing highly effective radiosensitizers for radioimmunotherapy.© 2023 The Authors. Advanced Science published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.