免疫检查点抑制剂（ICIs），包括抗程序性细胞死亡（PD）-1/抗PD配体（PDL-1）单克隆抗体，在改善癌症患者预后方面具有良好的效果。在免疫相关不良事件中，与抗PD-1/抗PD-L1抗体相关的心肌炎罕见但治疗方法缺乏，病死率较高。本研究中，作者从医院信息系统中的电子病历中提取了过去8年的数据，以确定因抗PD-1/抗PD-L1抗肿瘤疗法导致的心肌炎住院的患者。报道了这些患者的临床数据。经过抗PD-1/抗PD-L1抗体治疗恶性肿瘤后发生心肌炎的4例患者，均对心肌炎的血浆置换和糖皮质激素治疗反应良好，所有患者均得到改善并出院。在癌症患者中，血浆置换加全身糖皮质激素可能对治疗抗PD-1/抗PD-L1抗体导致的心肌炎有效。© 2023 The Authors. 由Wiley Periodicals LLC. 出版的Clinical Cardiology.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), including antiprogrammed cell-death (PD)-1/anti-PD-ligand (PDL-1) monoclonal antibodies, are effective at improving the prognosis of patients with cancer. Among immune-related adverse events, myocarditis associated with anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 antibodies is rare but lacks effective treatment and mortality is very high. In this study, the authors extracted data from the previous 8 years from electronic medical records housed in the hospital information system to identify patients hospitalized with myocarditis putatively caused by anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 tumor therapy. Clinical data from these patients are reported. Four patients who developed myocarditis after undergoing treatment with anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 antibodies for malignant tumors, all of whom responded favorably to therapy consisting of plasma exchange and glucocorticoids for myocarditis, and all patients improved and were discharged from hospital. Plasma exchange plus systemic glucocorticoids may be effective for treating anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 antibody-induced myocarditis in patients with cancer.© 2023 The Authors. Clinical Cardiology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.