目的：总结抗肿瘤药物引起的间质性肺病（ILD）的现状，为加强药物引起的间质性肺病（DILD）的临床管理提供参考。方法：我们回顾性调查了2020年1月至12月期间一家医院12例抗肿瘤药物引起的ILD患者的病历。收集的数据包括患者特征（性别、年龄、ECOG PS评分、吸烟史、原发肿瘤、并发症或并存疾病）和治疗情况（引起DILD的药物、临床症状、胸部CT、DILD治疗药物、发病周期、发病时间、DILD的严重程度、DILD的病程和预后）。结果：12例DILD病例的中位年龄为68%，66.67%的患者为男性，肺癌占58.33%（7/12）。DILD是由细胞毒性药物、靶向药物和免疫检查点抑制剂（ICIs）引起的，其中ICIs占66.67%（8/12）。胸部CT显示散在的斑片状、条索状、网状或雪花状阴影，主要分布在肺的胸膜下。一旦发生DILD，怀疑的抗肿瘤药物会停用，并给予糖皮质激素治疗，其中83.33%（10/12）的患者接受抗生素治疗。最终，16.67%（2/12）痊愈，33.33%（4/12）病情好转，16.67%（2/12）未痊愈，33.33%（4/12）死亡。结论：抗肿瘤药物引起的ILD主要发生在老年男性肺癌患者中，有吸烟史。DILD的临床症状多样，缺乏特异性。与其他抗肿瘤药物相比，ICIs-ILD具有高发病率和不良预后的特点。用药前进行综合评估，定期复查，发病后早期进行充分的糖皮质激素激导疗法可以改善DILD患者的预后。版权所有©2023年李，古，刘，孙和孙。

Objective: To summarize the situation of antineoplastic agents-induced interstitial lung diseases (ILD), provide reference for strengthening clinical management of druginduced interstitial lung diseases (DILD). Methods: We retrospectively investigated the medical records of 12 patients with antineoplastic agents-induced ILD in a hospital between January and December 2020. Data collected included patients' characteristic (gender, age, ECOG PS score, smoking history, primary tumor, concurrent diseases or complications.) and treatment conditions (DILD-causing drugs, clinical symptoms, chest CT, DILD treatment drugs, onset cycle, onset time, severity of DILD, DILD course and prognosis.). Results: The median age of 12 DILD cases was 68%, 66.67% of the patients were male, lung cancer accounted for 58.33% (7/12). DILD was induced by cytotoxicity drugs, targeted drugs and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), of which ICIs accounted for 66.67% (8/12). Scattered patchy, cord-like, grid-like or flocculent shadows were observed on chest CT, mainly under the pleura of lungs. Once DILD occurs, the suspected antineoplastic agents were stopped and glucocorticoid was given, among which 83.33% (10/12) patients were treated with antibiotics. Finally, 16.67% (2/12) were cured, 33.33% (4/12) were improved, 16.67% (2/12) were not cured and 33.33% (4/12) were dead. Conclusion: Antineoplastic agents-induced ILD is mostly found in elderly male lung cancer patients with smoking history. The clinical symptoms of DILD are diverse and lack of specificity. ICIs-ILD has the characteristic of high incidence and poor prognosis compared with other antineoplastic agents. Comprehensive evaluation before medication, regular review, early and adequate glucocorticoid shock therapy after onset can improve the prognosis of DILD patients.Copyright © 2023 Li, Gu, Liu, Sun and Sun.