核受体是由配体调节的转录因子，调控广泛的细胞活动，并作为重要的药物靶标类别之一。其中，过氧化物酶体增殖物活化受体（PPARs）是核受体家族成员，在代谢、分化、发育和癌症等方面得到了广泛研究。近年来，人们极大地关注了解和定义PPARs及其激动剂在调节先天和适应性免疫应答中的功能，以及其在对抗慢性炎症性疾病中的药理潜力。本文综述重点关注PPARγ在巨噬细胞生物学中的潜在作用，作为先天免疫执行机制在代谢和组织稳态中的前瞻性。我们还讨论了PPARγ作为炎症性疾病中调节巨噬细胞功能的调节因子，并讨论了PPARγ拮抗剂在代谢病理学中的可能应用。版权所有©2023 Yu, Gao, Aaron和Qiang。

Nuclear receptors are ligand-regulated transcription factors that regulate vast cellular activities and serve as an important class of drug targets. Among them, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are members of the nuclear receptor family and have been extensively studied for their roles in metabolism, differentiation, development, and cancer, among others. Recently, there has been considerable interest in understanding and defining the function of PPARs and their agonists in regulating innate and adaptive immune responses and their pharmacological potential in combating chronic inflammatory diseases. In this review, we focus on emerging evidence for the potential role of PPARγ in macrophage biology, which is the prior innate immune executive in metabolic and tissue homeostasis. We also discuss the role of PPARγ as a regulator of macrophage function in inflammatory diseases. Lastly, we discuss the possible application of PPARγ antagonists in metabolic pathologies.Copyright © 2023 Yu, Gao, Aaron and Qiang.