长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）是一类多样的RNA分子，调节各种生理过程，并被报道参与从神经退行性疾病到癌症的多种人类病理过程。治疗耐药性是癌症治疗的一个主要障碍。过去十年来，有关lncRNA在癌症药物耐药性中的作用的研究不断涌现，许多试验已经进行。LncRNA还通过调节不同的细胞死亡途径来维持细胞存活和死亡的微妙平衡。自噬是一种复杂的细胞杀伤机制，既有细胞保护作用，又有细胞毒性作用。同样，治疗干预可以引起自噬在癌细胞中诱导化疗增敏和耐药性。最近，lncRNA在调节自噬中的作用也浮出水面。因此，lncRNA可以在癌症治疗中使用，通过靶向自噬轴来缓解化疗耐药性的挑战。在本章中，我们讨论lncRNA在自噬介导的癌症药物耐药性中的作用以及其在靶向癌症治疗中的意义。版权所有 © 2023. Elsevier Inc.出版。

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) comprise a diverse class of RNA molecules that regulate various physiological processes and have been reported to be involved in several human pathologies ranging from neurodegenerative disease to cancer. Therapeutic resistance is a major hurdle for cancer treatment. Over the past decade, several studies has emerged on the role of lncRNAs in cancer drug resistance and many trials have been conducted employing them. LncRNAs also regulate different cell death pathways thereby maintaining a fine balance of cell survival and death. Autophagy is a complex cell-killing mechanism that has both cytoprotective and cytotoxic roles. Similarly, autophagy can lead to the induction of both chemosensitization and chemoresistance in cancer cells upon therapeutic intervention. Recently the role of lncRNAs in the regulation of autophagy has also surfaced. Thus, lncRNAs can be used in cancer therapeutics to alleviate the challenges of chemoresistance by targeting the autophagosomal axis. In this chapter, we discuss about the role of lncRNAs in autophagy-mediated cancer drug resistance and its implication in targeted cancer therapy.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Inc.