在肿瘤患者中，微小残留病灶(MRD)被定义为一小部分患者体内仍残留有少量肿瘤细胞。液体活检逐渐被应用于MRD的检测，展示了MRD检测在为癌症患者提供更准确的治疗管理方面的潜力。随着新技术和算法对MRD检测性能的增强，该方法越来越广泛和常规地用于预测癌症患者的预后和监测复发情况。事实上，MRD检测已被证明比成像方法具有更好的性能。基于此，对MRD检测作为指导临床治疗的整合方法进行严格研究已取得重要进展。本综述总结了MRD生物标记物、技术和癌症检测策略的发展，并强调了MRD检测在实体肿瘤中的应用，尤其是在指导临床治疗方面的应用。© 2023. 高等教育出版社。

Minimal residual disease (MRD) is termed as the small numbers of remnant tumor cells in a subset of patients with tumors. Liquid biopsy is increasingly used for the detection of MRD, illustrating the potential of MRD detection to provide more accurate management for cancer patients. As new techniques and algorithms have enhanced the performance of MRD detection, the approach is becoming more widely and routinely used to predict the prognosis and monitor the relapse of cancer patients. In fact, MRD detection has been shown to achieve better performance than imaging methods. On this basis, rigorous investigation of MRD detection as an integral method for guiding clinical treatment has made important advances. This review summarizes the development of MRD biomarkers, techniques, and strategies for the detection of cancer, and emphasizes the application of MRD detection in solid tumors, particularly for the guidance of clinical treatment.© 2023. Higher Education Press.