2020年，膀胱癌（BCa）是全球最常见的泌尿系统恶性肿瘤之一。本研究旨在分析2020年膀胱癌发病率和死亡率的全球流行病学特征，并预测其在2040年的负担。估计数据来自于GLOBOCAN 2020数据库。使用世界标准计算年龄标准化发病率（ASIRs）和年龄标准化死亡率（ASMRs）。根据人口统计学预测，计算了2040年膀胱癌的发病率和死亡率。全球范围内，2020年大约发生了57.3万例新的膀胱癌病例和21.3万例死亡病例，对应的ASIRs和ASMRs分别为5.6和1.9每10万人口。男性的发病率和死亡率约为女性的4倍（分别为9.5和3.3每10万人口和2.4和0.9每10万人口）。在全球范围内，男性和女性的发病率之间的差异达到12倍以上（男性）和8倍以上（女性），男性的最高ASIRs出现在南欧（26.5每10万人口）和西欧（21.5）地区，女性的最高ASIRs出现在南欧（5.8每10万人口）和西欧（5.8每10万人口），最低则分别出现在中非（2.2）和南亚（0.7）地区。男性和女性的最高ASMRs出现在北非（9.2和1.8每10万人口）。到了2040年，新的膀胱癌病例和死亡病例预计将增加到99.1万（相较于2020年增加72.8%）和39.7万（相较于2020年增加86.6%）。膀胱癌发病率和死亡率的地理分布显示，南欧和西欧人群膀胱癌发病风险较高，北非人群膀胱癌死亡风险较高。考虑到预测的全球膀胱癌病例和死亡病例到2040年将分别增加73%和87%，迫切需要制定并加快针对高风险人群的膀胱癌控制举措，以应对全球膀胱癌负担并减少地理差异。 Journal of Global Health 版权所有 © 2023. 保留所有权利。

Bladder cancer (BCa) is one of the most common urological malignancies worldwide. This study examines the global epidemiological profile of BCa incidence and mortality in 2020 and the projected burden to 2040.The estimated number of BCa cases and deaths were extracted from the GLOBOCAN 2020 database. Age-standardised incidence rates (ASIRs) and age-standardised mortality rates (ASMRs) were calculated using the world standard. The predicted BCa incidence and mortality in 2040 was calculated based on demographic projections.Globally, approximately 573 000 new BCa cases and 213 000 deaths occurred in 2020, corresponding to ASIRs and ASMRs of 5.6 and 1.9 per 100 000, respectively. The incidence and mortality rates were approximately 4-fold higher in men (9.5 and 3.3 per 100 000, respectively) than women (2.4 and 0.9, respectively). Across world regions, incidence rates varied at least 12-fold among men and 8-fold among women, with the highest ASIRs for both men and women detected in Southern Europe (26.5 and 5.8 per 100 000, respectively) and Western Europe (21.5 and 5.8, respectively) and the lowest in Middle Africa (2.2) in men and South-Central Asia (0.7) in women. The highest ASMRs for both men and women were found in Northern Africa (9.2 and 1.8 per 100 000, respectively). By 2040, the annual number of new BCa cases and deaths will increase to 991 000 (72.8% increase from 2020) and 397 000 (86.6% increase), respectively.Geographical distributions of BCa incidence and mortality uncovered higher risk of BCa incidence in Southern and Western European populations and higher risk of mortality in Northern African populations. Considering the predicted 73% and 87% increase in annual BCa cases and deaths by 2040 globally, respectively, there is an urgent need to develop and accelerate BCa control initiatives for high-risk populations to tackle global BCa burden and narrow its geographical disparities.Copyright © 2023 by the Journal of Global Health. All rights reserved.