谷胱甘肽（GSH）系统是最强大的细胞内抗氧化系统之一，可消除活性氧（ROS）并维持细胞氧化还原稳态。然而，GSH系统动态抗氧化过程中的快速动力学信息（毫秒至秒级）仍不清楚。因此，我们专门开发了一种新型双线纳米传感器（DWNS），可以选择性地同步测量高时间分辨率的 GSH 和 ROS 水平，并将其应用于监测瞬时 ROS 生成以及快速抗氧化过程。单个癌细胞中的谷胱甘肽系统。这些测量表明，GSH系统中的谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）在亚秒级时间内迅速启动对抗ROS爆发，但消除过程是短暂的，在几秒钟后结束，而一些ROS仍然存在于细胞。这项研究预计将为理解 GSH 抗氧化系统和研究一些氧化还原失衡相关的生理学开辟新的视角。© 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH。

The glutathione (GSH) system is one of the most powerful intracellular antioxidant systems for the elimination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and maintaining cellular redox homeostasis. However, the rapid kinetics information (at the millisecond to the second level) during the dynamic antioxidation process of the GSH system remains unclear. As such, we specifically developed a novel dual-wire nanosensor (DWNS) that can selectively and synchronously measure the levels of GSH and ROS with high temporal resolution, and applied it to monitor the transient ROS generation as well as the rapid antioxidation process of the GSH system in individual cancer cells. These measurements revealed that the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the GSH system is rapidly initiated against ROS burst in a sub-second time scale, but the elimination process is short-lived, ending after a few seconds, while some ROS are still present in the cells. This study is expected to open new perspectives for understanding the GSH antioxidant system and studying some redox imbalance-related physiological.© 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.