首次从毛蕊花中分离出一种新型苯乙醇类化合物，铁红苷 D 以及 14 种已知化合物。通过光谱分析（包括 HR-ESI-MS 和 NMR 光谱）确定分离化合物的化学结构。体外评估了分离化合物的抗氧化、α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制特性和针对多种细胞系（A172、C6、HeLa、A2780、SW620、HT29、Beas2B、RPE 和 HSF）的抗增殖活性。根据结果​​，具有强抗增殖潜力的环烯醚萜类化合物、黄酮类化合物（木犀草素和芹菜素）和苯乙醇类化合物（poliumoside 和 isoverbascoside）也被发现具有细胞抑制作用。此外，研究表明，化合物木犀草素、毛蕊花苷、毛蕊花苷、异毛蕊花苷、铁红苷 C、铁红苷 D 和熊果酸显示出有效的 α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性，而化合物木犀草素、毛蕊花苷和异毛蕊花苷则显示出显着的抗氧化活性。这种新化合物（铁红苷 D）被发现对癌细胞系具有中等活性，具有很强的 α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性和中等抗氧化特性。© 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH。

A novel phenylethanoid, ferruginoside D, together with fourteen known compounds were isolated from the Verbascum leiocarpum for the first time. Chemical structures of isolated compounds were determined by spectroscopic analysis including HR-ESI-MS and NMR spectra. The antioxidant, α-glucosidase inhibitory properties, and antiproliferative activities against multiple cell lines (A172, C6, HeLa, A2780, SW620, HT29, Beas2B, RPE, and HSF) of the isolated compounds were evaluated in vitro. According to the results, iridoids, flavonoids (luteolin and apigenin), and phenylethanoids (poliumoside and isoverbascoside) with strong antiproliferative potential were also found to have cytostatic effects. Furthermore, the investigation revealed that compounds luteolin, poliumoside, verbascoside, isoverbascoside, ferruginoside C, ferruginoside D, and ursolic acid show potent alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity, while compounds luteolin, verbascoside, and isoverbascoside exhibit substantial antioxidant activity. The new compound (ferruginoside D) was found moderately active against cancer cell lines, with strong alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity, and moderate antioxidant properties.© 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.