肿瘤部位的 CD103 组织驻留记忆 T 细胞 (TRM) 与良好的预后相关，并可预测免疫检查点抑制剂的有效性。活检样本中 CD103 TRM 浸润的检测可能对没有手术指征的患者有益。然而，活检组织中 TRM 检测的有用性以及活检组织和手术标本新辅助化疗后 TRM 状态的差异尚未阐明。在本研究中，我们旨在阐明能否在活检标本中检测到TRM以及化疗对TRM浸润的影响。取2017年接受新辅助化疗并接受根治性食管切除术的46例食管癌患者的组织切片。进行免疫组织化学检测使用抗 CD103 抗体进行活检和手术标本。我们检查了每位患者的 CD103 表达、临床病理特征和预后之间的关系。活检标本中检测到 TRM 浸润。活检标本中的 CD103 表达与手术标本中的表达相关。尽管CD103high和CD103low之间的临床病理结果没有统计学意义，但CD103high活检标本的患者表现出良好的预后。化疗增加了 CD103 细胞的数量：尽管没有生存获益。无论手术指征如何，我们甚至能够在活检标本中确定 TRM 状态。活检中的 CD103 评估可能比手术标本中的评估更有用和实用，可以预测预后和对免疫治疗的反应。版权所有 © 2023 国际抗癌研究所（George J. Delinasios 博士），保留所有权利。

CD103+ tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) in tumor sites are associated with a favorable prognosis and predict the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors. The detection of CD103+ TRM infiltration in biopsy samples could be beneficial for patients without surgical indications. However, the usefulness of TRM detection in biopsy tissue and the difference in TRM status between biopsy and surgical specimens' post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy have not been elucidated. In the present study, we aimed to elucidate whether we can detect TRM in biopsy specimens and the impact of chemotherapy on TRM infiltration.Tissue sections were obtained from 46 patients with esophageal cancer who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and underwent radical esophagectomy in 2017. Immunohistochemistry was performed using an anti-CD103 antibody for biopsy and surgical specimens. We examined the relationship between CD103 expression, clinicopathological features, and prognosis for each patient.TRM infiltration was detected in the biopsy specimens. CD103 expression in biopsy specimens correlated with that in surgical specimens. Although there was no statistical significance in clinicopathological findings between CD103high and CD103low, patients with CD103high biopsy specimens exhibited favorable prognosis. The number of CD103+ cells was increased by chemotherapy: though with no survival benefit.Regardless of surgical indication, we were able to determine the TRM status even in biopsy specimens. CD103 evaluation at biopsy may be more useful and practical than evaluation in surgical specimens, enabling prediction of prognosis and response to immune therapy.Copyright © 2023 International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. George J. Delinasios), All rights reserved.