非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）新辅助治疗的发展取得了快速进展，作为一种有效的治疗策略具有广阔的前景。一些临床试验证实，免疫治疗联合化疗可以作为NSCLC新辅助治疗的推荐一线方案。本研究描述了一名 65 岁男性患者的病例，他被诊断患有 IIIA 期（cT2N2M0）肺腺鳞癌。接受两个周期的新辅助免疫治疗（信迪利单抗）联合化疗后，原发肿瘤病情稳定，而根据影像学评估，纵隔淋巴结部分缓解。患者立即接受了左肺上叶切除术。病理分析显示原发病变完全缓解，纵隔和支气管周围的淋巴结中仅观察到极少的肿瘤细胞。这表明目前的新辅助治疗可用于III期腺鳞癌的治疗；然而，为了最终确定其功效，针对这种特定癌症类型的进一步研究是必要的。版权所有 © 2024，Spandidos Publications。

There has been rapid advancement in the development of neoadjuvant therapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which holds great promise as an effective treatment strategy. Some clinical trials have confirmed that immunotherapy in combination with chemotherapy can be a recommended first-line regimen for neoadjuvant treatment of NSCLC. The present study describes the case of a male patient aged 65 years who was diagnosed with stage IIIA (cT2N2M0) adenosquamous carcinoma of the lung. After the administration of two cycles of neoadjuvant immunotherapy (sintilimab) in combination with chemotherapy, stable disease was observed in the primary tumor, whereas partial remission was detected in the mediastinal lymph nodes based on imaging assessment. The patient underwent an immediate upper lobectomy of the left lung. Pathological analysis revealed a complete response in the primary lesion, with only minimal presence of tumor cells observed in the lymph nodes surrounding the mediastinum and bronchi. This indicated that the present neoadjuvant therapy could be used in the treatment of stage III adenosquamous lung carcinoma; however, to conclusively determine its efficacy, further studies targeting this specific cancer type are essential.Copyright © 2024, Spandidos Publications.