胸腺类癌（TC）是前纵隔恶性肿瘤中罕见的实体。 TC 是神经内分泌癌，约占所有胸腺上皮肿瘤的 2%-5%。该研究报道了一种罕见的 TC 伴有多发性骨转移。一名 77 岁男性因腰痛 2 个月病史，体重减轻 5 公斤。磁共振成像扫描显示腰椎、骶尾椎和髂嵴受损，提示骨转移；胸部计算机断层扫描（CT）显示前纵隔钙化肿块；正电子发射断层扫描-CT显示多个异常骨信号；实验室检查未发现内分泌异常。细针抽吸活检显示主要为单个小、圆形至椭圆形细胞，细胞质稀少，还有一些松散的簇，提示内分泌表现。病理诊断为非典型类癌，多起源于胸腺，属于中高度侵袭性。患者接受了安罗替尼靶向治疗。每天给予安罗替尼（12 mg），持续 2 周，之后让患者休息 21 天。一年后的随访 CT 显示，治疗后肿瘤缩小了约 29%。治疗具有超过2.5年的长期稳定疾病获益。这些研究结果表明，安罗替尼对于TC和多发骨转移患者来说是一种有前途的治疗方案。©作者2024。由百世登出版集团有限公司出版。保留所有权利。

Thymic carcinoid (TC) is a rare entity among anterior mediastinal malignancies. TCs are neuroendocrine carcinomas that constitute approximately 2%-5% of all thymic epithelial tumors.The study reported a rare TC with multiple bone metastases. A 77-year-old man presented with a 2-month history of lower back pain and weight loss of 5 kg. Magnetic resonance imaging scans revealed damage to the lumbar spine, sacrocaudal vertebrae and iliac crest, suggesting bone metastasis; computed tomography (CT) scan of the thorax showed a calcified anterior mediastinal mass; positron emission tomography-CT demonstrated multiple abnormal bone signals; and laboratory work-up showed no endocrine abnormalities. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy revealed predominantly single small, round to oval cells with scant cytoplasm and some loose clusters, suggesting endocrine manifestations. The pathological diagnosis was atypical carcinoid, which tend to originate from the thymus and was classified as intermediate-highly invasive. The patient underwent anlotinib-targeted therapy. Anlotinib (12 mg) was administered daily for 2 wk, after which the patient was allowed to rest for 21 d. Follow-up CT after one year demonstrated that the tumor had shrunk by approximately 29% after therapy. Treatment has a long stable disease benefit of more than 2.5 years.These findings demonstrated that anlotinib is a promising treatment regimen for patients with TC and multiple bone metastases.©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.