软组织肉瘤（STS）是罕见的间叶源性肿瘤，最常见于四肢，但也发生于腹膜后。 STS 的治疗方法是大范围根治性手术，在某些情况下结合围手术期放疗和化疗。 STS 的非根治性切除 (R2) 是近几十年来的一个新问题，因为最佳的后续治疗仍然存在争议。同样，对于最佳手术切缘仍没有达成共识。在辅助治疗中结合多种治疗方式可以实现切缘阳性手术后患者的局部和远处控制。因此，接受非根治性切除的患者需要额外的手术干预和辅助放疗，预后较好，但并发症数量较多。非根治性治疗后，四肢和躯干壁肉瘤以及腹膜后肉瘤患者还应加强肿瘤监测。鉴于此类临床情况中可能出现的潜在问题，更新当前指南以改善这些患者的长期预后至关重要。© 2024。作者。

Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are rare tumours of mesenchymal origin, most commonly occurring in the extremity but also in the retroperitoneum. The curative treatment for STS is radical surgery with wide margins, in some cases in combination with perioperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Nonradical resection (R2) of STS has been an emerging issue in recent decades, as optimal subsequent management remains debatable. Similarly, there is still no consensus on optimal surgical margins. Combining multiple treatment modalities in adjuvant therapy can achieve local and distant control in patients following surgery with positive margins. Patients who have undergone nonradical resection therefore require additional surgical interventions, and adjuvant radiotherapy resulting in a better prognosis but a higher number of complications. Following non-radical treatment, patients with limb and trunk wall sarcomas and retroperitoneal sarcomas should also undergo increased oncological surveillance. Given the potential issues that may emerge in such clinical situations, it is crucial to up-date the current guidelines to enhance the long-term prognosis of these patients.© 2024. The Author(s).