癌症化疗仍然是一个令人担忧的领域，因为许多疗法令人不舒服，涉及副作用和不愉快的经历。这些因素可能进一步降低患者的生活质量，甚至危及患者的生命。人们尝试了许多治疗策略来减少令人不快的副作用并提高治疗效果；然而，没有一个显示出有希望的效果。癌症治疗的主要障碍之一是肿瘤细胞逃避免疫攻击的策略。促进肿瘤微环境中的炎症是癌症化疗的基石和关键治疗靶点。高盐饮食（HSD）的摄入虽然会促进慢性炎症，对人类健康产生有害影响，但被发现对肿瘤微环境有利。研究发现，由于肠道屏障的改变，HSD 有利于肿瘤环境中双歧杆菌种类的增加，这反过来又会促进炎症并有利于改善对癌症化疗的反应。我们对文献进行了回顾，以了解 HSD 对健康和疾病的影响，特别提到了它对癌症化疗的影响。研究强调HSD会阻断骨髓源性抑制细胞，从而增强肿瘤免疫力。探索简单 HSD 方案/摄入特定细菌物种作为益生菌的精确机制对于制定改变游戏规则的癌症化疗将是有效且必要的。随着现代医疗保健向精准医疗迈进，医生可以选择适合个人的治疗方案，可以考虑 HSD 治疗方案/特定细菌种类的摄入。版权所有：© 2024 Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care。

Cancer chemotherapy remains an area of concern, as many of the therapies are uncomfortable involving side effects and unpleasant experiences. These factors could further reduce patient's quality of life, and even endanger their life. Many therapeutic strategies have been tried to reduce the unpleasant side effects and increase the treatment effectiveness; however, none have shown to have promising effects. One of the main hindrances to cancer therapy is the escape strategies by tumor cells to the immune attack. Promoting inflammation in the tumor microenvironment is the cornerstone and key therapeutic target in cancer chemotherapy. High-salt diet (HSD) intake, though it has deleterious effects on human health by promoting chronic inflammation, is found to be advantageous in the tumor microenvironment. Studies identified HSD favors an increased abundance of Bifidobacterium species in the tumor environment due to gut barrier alteration, which, in turn, promotes inflammation and favors improved response to cancer chemotherapy. A review of the literature was carried out to find out the effects of an HSD on health and diseases, with special mention of its effect on cancer chemotherapy. Studies emphasized HSD would block the myeloid-derived suppressor cells which will enhance the tumor immunity. Exploration of the precise mechanism of simple HSD regime/ingestion of specific bacterial species as probiotics will be effective and essential to formulate the game-changing cancer chemotherapy. With the modern era of healthcare moving toward precision medicine where the physician can choose the treatment option suitable for the individual, HSD regime/ingestion of specific bacterial species can be considered.Copyright: © 2024 Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care.