棕色和棕色样脂肪组织因其在代谢中的作用以及糖尿病和肥胖症的治疗潜力而引起了人们的广泛关注。尽管有令人信服的证据表明脂肪细胞和淋巴细胞之间存在相互作用，但这些组织在免疫反应中的参与仍然很大程度上未被探索。这项研究阐明了神经炎症与棕色和骨髓脂肪组织之间新发现的联系。利用[18F]F-AraG（一种能够同时追踪活化淋巴细胞和脂肪细胞的线粒体代谢示踪剂），我们在胶质母细胞瘤和多发性硬化症模型中证明了脑内免疫浸润与棕色和骨髓脂肪变化之间的相关性组织。值得注意的是，我们提供的初步证据表明，神经炎症与脂肪组织之间的联系也可能存在于人类身上。这项研究提出了复杂的免疫-神经-脂肪回路的概念，并强调棕色和骨髓脂肪组织作为免疫系统和神经系统之间沟通的中介。了解该回路内的相互关联性可能会导致各种疾病的治疗和管理取得进展，包括癌症、神经退行性疾病和代谢性疾病。© 2024。作者。

Brown and brown-like adipose tissues have attracted significant attention for their role in metabolism and therapeutic potential in diabetes and obesity. Despite compelling evidence of an interplay between adipocytes and lymphocytes, the involvement of these tissues in immune responses remains largely unexplored. This study explicates a newfound connection between neuroinflammation and brown- and bone marrow adipose tissue. Leveraging the use of [18F]F-AraG, a mitochondrial metabolic tracer capable of tracking activated lymphocytes and adipocytes simultaneously, we demonstrate, in models of glioblastoma and multiple sclerosis, the correlation between intracerebral immune infiltration and changes in brown- and bone marrow adipose tissue. Significantly, we show initial evidence that a neuroinflammation-adipose tissue link may also exist in humans. This study proposes the concept of an intricate immuno-neuro-adipose circuit, and highlights brown- and bone marrow adipose tissue as an intermediary in the communication between the immune and nervous systems. Understanding the interconnectedness within this circuitry may lead to advancements in the treatment and management of various conditions, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic disorders.© 2024. The Author(s).