神经炎症在抑郁症发病机制中的作用促使人们寻找新的抗抑郁药。曲克芦丁是一种具有抗炎和抗氧化特性的生物类黄酮，已显示出应用前景，但其对神经行为功能的影响仍知之甚少。本研究旨在探讨曲克芦丁的抗抑郁潜力及其对神经炎症反应的影响。在这里，我们将雄性瑞士小鼠（n = 5/组）暴露于各种治疗中，包括接受蒸馏水的初始对照组和阴性对照组，以不同剂量（10、20、40mg/kg，腹腔注射）施用的曲克芦丁治疗组，以及丙咪嗪治疗组（25 mg/kg，腹腔注射）。治疗 7 天后，除初始组外，小鼠均接受单剂量脂多糖（LPS，0.83 mg/kg）。进行了行为评估，包括新奇抑制进食（NSF）测试、强迫游泳测试（FST）和旷场测试（OFT）。此外，还收集了大脑样本进行生化和免疫组织化学分析。曲克芦丁显着减少了 FST 中的不动时间，并减轻了 NSF 测试中的行为缺陷。此外，曲克芦丁可增加谷胱甘肽 (GSH) 和超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD) 水平，同时降低亚硝酸盐、丙二醛 (MDA)、肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α)、白介素-6 (IL-6) 和干扰素-γ (IFN) -γ) 水平与阴性对照相比。免疫组织化学分析显示，曲克芦丁治疗的小鼠中诱导型一氧化氮合酶 (iNOS) 和核因子 kappa B (NF-κB) 的表达降低。总的来说，这些发现表明曲克芦丁具有显着的抗抑郁样作用，可能是通过其抗炎和抗氧化机制介导的。神经炎症和氧化应激生物标志物的减少，以及行为结果的改善，强调了曲克芦丁作为抑郁症治疗药物的潜力。© 2024。作者获得 Springer-Verlag GmbH 德国（Springer Nature 旗下公司）的独家许可。

The role of neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of depression has prompted the search for new antidepressants. Troxerutin, a bioflavonoid with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, has shown promise, but its impact on neurobehavioral functions remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the antidepressant potential of troxerutin and its effect on the neuroinflammatory response. Here, we exposed male Swiss mice (n = 5/group) to various treatments, including naive and negative controls receiving distilled water, troxerutin-treated groups administered at different doses (10, 20, 40 mg/kg, i.p.), and an imipramine-treated group (25 mg/kg, i.p.). After seven days of treatment, with the exception of the naive group, mice were administered a single dose of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 0.83 mg/kg). Behavioral evaluations, consisting of the novelty-suppressed feeding (NSF) test, forced swim test (FST), and open field test (OFT), were conducted. Additionally, brain samples were collected for biochemical and immunohistochemical analyses. Troxerutin significantly reduced immobility time in the FST and mitigated behavioral deficits in the NSF test. Additionally, troxerutin increased glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels while reducing nitrite, malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) levels compared to the negative control. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed decreased expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) in troxerutin-treated mice. Overall, these findings suggest that troxerutin exerts significant antidepressive-like effects, likely mediated by its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms. The reduction in neuroinflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers, along with the improvement in behavioral outcomes, underscores troxerutin's potential as a therapeutic agent for depression.© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.