从药用植物水飞蓟 [Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.] 的种子中提取的提取物。 （菊科）]由于具有抗炎、抗肿瘤和保肝作用而被广泛用作膳食补充剂。水飞蓟种子的亲脂性提取物称为水飞蓟素，其主要成分是类黄酮和黄酮木脂素，包括水飞蓟宾A、水飞蓟宾B、异水飞蓟宾A、异水飞蓟宾B、水飞蓟宁、水飞蓟亭、花旗松甙和2,3-脱氢水飞蓟宾。本研究的目的是开发一种基于 UHPLC-MS/MS 的方法，用于水飞蓟素的化学鉴定和标准化。验证包括标准添加方法以解释空白基质的缺乏。通过分析仅溶解在初始 UHPLC 流动相中的水飞蓟素标准品来研究潜在的基质效应。使用带有标准添加或外标校准的 UHPLC-MS/MS 测量水飞蓟提取物中的六种黄酮木脂素和花旗松素，对除水飞蓟宁和 2,3-脱氢水飞蓟宾 B 之外的所有分析物产生相似的结果，在负离子电喷雾期间显示出显着的峰增强，这是由于植物基质效应。基于 UHPLC-MS/MS 的标准添加方法每次注射需要 <10 分钟，适用于水飞蓟中水飞蓟素的标准化，以支持安全性和有效性的临床前和临床研究。

Extracts prepared from the seeds of the medicinal plant milk thistle [Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. (Asteraceae)] are widely used as dietary supplements due to anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and hepatoprotective effects. Called silymarin, the main components of lipophilic extracts of milk thistle seeds are flavonoids and flavonolignans including silybin A, silybin B, isosilybin A, isosilybin B, silydianin, silychristin, taxifolin, and 2,3-dehydrosilybins. The aim of this study was to develop a method based on UHPLC-MS/MS for the chemical authentication and standardization of milk thistle silymarin. Validation included the method of standard addition to account for the lack of a blank matrix. Potential matrix effects were investigated by analyzing silymarin standards dissolved only in the initial UHPLC mobile phase. Measurements of six flavonolignans and taxifolin in the milk thistle extract using UHPLC-MS/MS with standard addition or external standard calibration produced similar results for all analytes except silydianin and 2,3-dehydrosilybin B, which showed significant peak enhancement during negative ion electrospray due to botanical matrix effects. The UHPLC-MS/MS-based method of standard addition requires <10 min per injection and is suitable for the standardization of silymarin from milk thistle in support of preclinical and clinical studies of safety and efficacy.