由于血脑屏障（BBB）和血脑肿瘤屏障（BBTB）的存在，作为血液和脑实质之间的屏障，针对脑恶性肿瘤的药物靶向受到限制。当然，随着生物学理解的增强和靶向治疗和免疫疗法等创新方法的发展，脑恶性肿瘤有限的治疗选择已经取得了显着进展。这些进步极大地有助于改善患者的预后，并代表了脑恶性肿瘤治疗领域的一个有希望的转变。迫切需要对脑恶性肿瘤的组织学和发病机制有更全面的了解。专注于揭示脑恶性肿瘤生物学复杂性的持续研究是开发可改善患者预后的创新和定制疗法的关键。脂质纳米载体是高效的药物递送系统，可显着提高其溶解度、生物利用度和稳定性，同时最大限度地减少不需要的副作用。表面修饰的脂质纳米载体（脂质体、脂质体、固体脂质纳米粒子、纳米结构脂质载体、脂质纳米胶囊、脂质-聚合物混合纳米载体、脂蛋白和脂质复合物）用于通过各种机制提高血脑屏障的渗透和吸收。这篇系统综述阐明并涵盖了与脑恶性肿瘤相关的各种主题。它探索了用于治疗脑恶性肿瘤的不同药物输送方法，并深入研究了脑靶向脂质纳米载体的优点、局限性和类型。此外，这篇综述讨论了正在进行的与脑恶性肿瘤治疗相关的临床试验和专利，并提供了对治疗这种疾病的未来前景的概览。© 2024。作者获得 Springer-Verlag GmbH 德国（Springer Nature 旗下公司）的独家许可。

Drug targeting for brain malignancies is restricted due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and blood-brain tumor barrier (BBTB), which act as barriers between the blood and brain parenchyma. Certainly, the limited therapeutic options for brain malignancies have made notable progress with enhanced biological understanding and innovative approaches, such as targeted therapies and immunotherapies. These advancements significantly contribute to improving patient prognoses and represent a promising shift in the landscape of brain malignancy treatments. A more comprehensive understanding of the histology and pathogenesis of brain malignancies is urgently needed. Continued research focused on unraveling the intricacies of brain malignancy biology holds the key to developing innovative and tailored therapies that can improve patient outcomes. Lipid nanocarriers are highly effective drug delivery systems that significantly improve their solubility, bioavailability, and stability while also minimizing unwanted side effects. Surface-modified lipid nanocarriers (liposomes, niosomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, lipid nanocapsules, lipid-polymer hybrid nanocarriers, lipoproteins, and lipoplexes) are employed to improve BBB penetration and uptake through various mechanisms. This systematic review illuminates and covers various topics related to brain malignancies. It explores the different methods of drug delivery used in treating brain malignancies and delves into the benefits, limitations, and types of brain-targeted lipid-based nanocarriers. Additionally, this review discusses ongoing clinical trials and patents related to brain malignancy therapies and provides a glance into future perspectives for treating this condition.© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.