Enfortumab vedotin 是一种靶向 Nectin-4 的抗体药物偶联物，用于治疗既往接受过含铂化疗和免疫检查点抑制剂治疗的晚期尿路上皮癌患者。常见的不良事件包括皮疹、周围神经病变和高血糖。然而，临床上尚无关于 enfortumab vedotin 治疗期间发生骨髓增生异常综合征的报道。 一名 72 岁男性患者在开始 enfortumab vedotin 治疗转移性尿路上皮癌 18 周后出现长期且严重的血小板减少症，需要每日补充血小板输血。骨髓检查和染色体分析证实了骨髓增生异常综合征的诊断。艾曲波帕治疗被证明是有效的。这是在临床环境中 enfortumab vedotin 治疗期间发生骨髓增生异常综合征的第一份报告。尽管罕见，但 enfortumab vedotin 治疗期间可能会出现骨髓增生异常综合征。© 2024 作者。约翰·威利 (John Wiley) 出版的 IJU 病例报告

Enfortumab vedotin is an antibody-drug conjugate targeting Nectin-4 for the treatment of advanced urothelial carcinoma in patients previously treated with platinum-containing chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Common adverse events include rashes, peripheral neuropathy, and hyperglycemia. However, there are no reports on the development of myelodysplastic syndrome during enfortumab vedotin therapy in clinical settings.A 72-year-old male patient experienced prolonged and severe thrombocytopenia 18 weeks after the start of enfortumab vedotin therapy for metastatic urothelial carcinoma, requiring daily platelet transfusions. Bone marrow examination and chromosomal analysis confirmed the diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndrome. Treatment with eltrombopag proved to be effective.This is the first report of the development of myelodysplastic syndrome during enfortumab vedotin therapy in a clinical setting. Although rare, myelodysplastic syndrome can occur during enfortumab vedotin therapy.© 2024 The Author(s). IJU Case Reports published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Japanese Urological Association.