气肿性膀胱炎是一种相对罕见的尿路感染形式。一名72岁男性患有糖尿病，长期留置导尿，被诊断为肺气肿性膀胱炎。通过使用抗生素保守治疗患者，临床发现得到解决。然而，膀胱镜检查随后发现膀胱内有一个黄白色的软组织肿块，这不太可能是膀胱肿瘤。肿块不易取出，常引起尿管梗阻。我们通过两次经尿道切除术成功去除了这个肿块。通过组织病理学检查，肿块被鉴定为包含细菌、纤维蛋白和疑似膀胱粘膜的坏死组织。

Emphysematous cystitis is a relatively rare form of urinary tract infection. A 72-year-old man with diabetes mellitus and long-term indwelling urethral catheterization was diagnosed with emphysematous cystitis. The clinical findings were resolved by conservatively managing the patient with antibiotics. However, cystoscopy subsequently revealed a yellowish-white soft tissue mass in the bladder, which was unlikely to be a bladder tumor. The mass could not be removed easily and frequently caused urinary catheter obstruction. We successfully removed this mass by performing transurethral resection twice. Through histopathological examination, the mass was identified as necrotic tissue comprising bacteria, fibrin, and suspected bladder mucosa.