肾上腺外骨髓脂肪瘤（EAM）是一种罕见的良性肿瘤，由成熟脂肪和造血组织组成。其病因仍有待阐明，描述中枢神经系统 EAM 的临床特征和治疗的病例报告也很少。本研究介绍了我们在右额叶区域 EAM 病例的临床管理中的经验和实践。一名 56 岁女性头部计算机断层扫描 (CT) 发现右额叶有占位性病变。未增强的磁共振成像 (MRI) 显示约 1.5x1.2 厘米的病变。增强全腹部CT显示右侧骶前肿块，直径2.0 cm，边缘清晰。术后组织病理学结果显示主要为成熟脂肪组织，混有髓外造血成分。这证实了（骨髓）骨髓脂肪瘤的诊断。中枢神经系统的骨髓脂肪瘤极为罕见。据作者所知，仅报道了两例颅内骨髓脂肪瘤病例，本研究介绍了第一例用英文报告的中国患者。但当CT显示高密度，MRI显示肿瘤区即使无增强也有混合密度时，鉴别诊断时应考虑骨髓脂肪瘤的可能性。版权所有：©2024 Xu et al.

Extra-adrenal myelolipoma (EAM) is a rare benign tumor composed of mature adipose and hematopoietic tissues. Its etiology remains to be elucidated and there are few case reports describing the clinical features and treatment of EAMs in the central nervous system. The present study presented our experience and practice in the clinical management of a case of EAM in the right frontal region. A 56-year-old woman was found to have a space-occupying right frontal lesion on computed tomography (CT) of the head. Unenhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a lesion of ~1.5x1.2 cm. Enhanced whole abdominal CT showed a right presacral mass, 2.0 cm in diameter, with clear margins. The postoperative histopathological findings showed mainly mature adipose tissue mixed with extramedullary hematopoietic components. This confirmed the diagnosis of a (bone) marrow lipoma. Myelolipoma of the central nervous system is extremely rare. to the best of the authors' knowledge, only two cases of intracranial myelolipoma have been reported, and the present study introduced the first case in a Chinese patient reported in English. However, when CT shows high density and MRI shows mixed density in the tumor area even without enhancement, the possibility of myelolipoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis.Copyright: © 2024 Xu et al.