嵌合抗原受体是合成产生的受体，经过工程改造，能够以高特异性与靶细胞结合。这些细胞是通过将人工 T 细胞受体插入免疫球蛋白的抗原结合区域而产生的，从而使细胞能够结合并靶向特定抗原。嵌合抗原受体（CAR）T细胞疗法的使用是免疫疗法领域的一项了不起的成就，特别是在治疗视网膜母细胞瘤和葡萄膜黑色素瘤等眼科肿瘤方面。然而，有一些记录在案的副作用，例如细胞因子释放综合征（CRS）和免疫效应细胞相关神经毒性综合征（ICANS）。此外，视力模糊、视力障碍和眼内感染等眼部副作用也令人担忧，需要进一步评估。这篇综述重点介绍了嵌合抗原受体（CAR）免疫疗法的进展，包括其结构和制造，以及相关的临床发现和相关的不良反应。通过确定当前研究中的差距，该分析提供了对解决一些最严重副作用的潜在策略和解决方案的见解。版权所有 © 2024 作者。由 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. 出版

Chimeric antigen receptors are synthetically produced receptors engineered to engage with target cells with high specificity. These cells are created by inserting an artificial T-cell receptor into an immunoglobulin's antigen-binding region, allowing the cells to combine and target specific antigens. The use of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has been a remarkable achievement in the field of immunotherapy, particularly in the treatment of ophthalmic tumors like retinoblastoma and uveal melanoma. However, there are some documented side effects, such as cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immunological effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS). Additionally, ocular side effects such as blurred vision, vision impairment, and intraocular infections are also concerning and require further evaluation. This review highlights the advances made in chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) immunotherapy, including its structure and manufacture, as well as relevant clinical discoveries and associated adverse effects. By identifying the gaps in current research, this analysis provides insights into potential strategies and solutions for addressing some of the most severe side effects.Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.